By JASON GRAVES
K-State Research and Extension
Central District Horticulturist
Peas, leaf lettuce, spinach, arugula, carrots, beets, radishes, and other cool-season crops are eager to start growing soon. These crops are typically direct-seeded in the garden and require a soil temperature of at least 40°F to germinate. With temperatures rising, that time is fast approaching. In Kansas, gardeners can plant peas and other cool-season crops anytime from early March through April, and the seeds will sprout as soon as the soil reaches the right temperature.
Choosing the right pea variety
Peas are a joy to grow and even more fun to eat straight from the vine. When selecting pea seeds, it’s important to know what type you’re planting, as varieties differ in vine length and harvesting needs.
Vine types
Check the details on seed packets carefully—some compact varieties grow just 12 to 15 inches tall, while others can reach 3 to 4 feet. Pea plants have weak stems, and as they grow and develop pods, they tend to flop over. To help support them, plant seeds 2 to 4 inches apart and keep rows about 6 inches apart, allowing plants to lean on each other. This natural support system is easier and more cost-effective than setting up a trellis.
Once peas germinate, it's a good idea to provide some protection. Rabbits and birds love tender pea shoots just as much as gardeners do, and they can quickly devastate young plants. Fencing or netting can help keep these hungry visitors at bay.
Peas mature by early to mid-June unless succession planting is used, in which case the harvest can extend until summer heat ends the growing season.
Three types of peas
Garden (English) peas – These require shelling once mature and include Kansas favorites like ‘Little Marvel,’ ‘Green Arrow,’ ‘Frosty,’ ‘Knight,’ ‘Sparkle,’ and ‘Burpeeana.’
Snow peas – Valued for their thin, edible pods, these are harvested before the peas fully develop and are commonly used in salads and stir-fries. Recommended varieties include ‘Dwarf Grey Sugar,’ ‘Mammoth Sugar,’ and ‘Snow Green.’.
Sugar snap peas – A favorite among gardeners, these have thick, crunchy pods and can be eaten raw or cooked like green beans. They’re great for snacking right in the garden—kids love them too! Popular varieties include ‘Sugar Ann,’ ‘Sugar Bon,’ and ‘Sugar Snap.’
Harvesting and storage
Once peas reach the ideal picking stage, harvesting can continue daily for several days or even weeks with successive plantings. Peas are best enjoyed fresh but can be stored in the refrigerator for a few days if cooled immediately. For the best quality, freeze or can them within hours of picking.
Peas are just one of many vegetables that thrive when direct-seeded in the garden. As we welcome the slow but steady arrival of spring, enjoy planting peas and other cool-season crops that will soon bring fresh flavors to your table.