TOPEKA—The next special exhibit at the Kansas Museum of History commemorates the 100th anniversary of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and the courageous women who made it possible, including a woman from Salina. 

A special exhibit opening reception will take place from 5 to 7 p.m. March 20.&nbsp;

For Kansas women the path toward suffrage was incremental. Women began working for voting rights as they fought to keep Kansas free from slavery. Women such as Clarina Nichols brought the topics of women’s rights into the constitutional conventions. They ensured that Kansas women had opportunities other women in the nation did not. From the time Kansas was admitted as the 34th state, women had the right to vote in school board elections.

Women's organizations continued to push for the vote. When they gained the right to vote in municipal elections, Kansas elected the first woman mayor in the nation, and all-women city councils.

The road to full suffrage brought women in partnership with political groups and organizations that shared both common and competing goals. It was an experience of successes, failures and eventually the success that made Kansas the eighth state to provide full voting rights for women.&nbsp;

This special exhibit features an introduction by Governor Laura Kelly, and highlights objects, photographs and historical records connected with the generations of women who fought for suffrage. The exhibit will run through the end of the year.

“I would like to thank the Kansas Museum of History for making this special exhibit possible,” Kelly said. “Upward to Equality&nbsp;serves as a reminder to us all that Kansans have always been at the forefront of progress. The exhibit also allows us to celebrate the women and men who worked tirelessly to ensure women’s voting rights. When you go to the polls, remember the Kansans who were trailblazers for this momentous cause.” &nbsp;&nbsp;

Laura M. Johns is included in the new exhibit. From the <a href="https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/laura-m-johns/17864">Kansas Historical Society's Kansapedia</a>:

Laura Mitchell Johns was born December 18, 1849, in Lewistown, Penn., to John Ross and Angeline Ayers Mitchell. As a child she enjoyed reading and her family encouraged her to pursue an education. She worked as a school teacher in Pennsylvania and Illinois before her marriage. She married James B. Johns on Jan. 14, 1873, in Lewiston, Penn. She and her husband both espoused ideas of industrial, political, and social equality for women.

The Johns family moved to Salina in the early 1880s. In fall 1884 Laura Johns became involved in the Kansas Equal Suffrage Association in an effort to circulate petitions to promote legislation that would give municipal suffrage for women. “. . . it was the avowed intent and well considered plan to take the fortress of woman’s disenfranchisement by graduated approaches,” she said, “capturing the outposts, getting possession of every vulnerable piece of vantage ground before advancing upon the main stronghold, and wresting from prejudice, precedent and constitution the last vestige of our claim, our heritage of full citizenship. This, we deemed, would be the best method of warfare while the time was ripening for final action.”

Johns worked during the 1885, 1886, and 1887 legislative sessions. She helped to establish a woman’s suffrage organization in Salina and organized a series of congressional conventions in Kansas to promote the cause. Finally in 1887 the Kansas legislature passed the bill.

Once the bill had passed, Johns’ work continued in building public support for full suffrage for women. In 1889 she wrote a pamphlet, targeting school teachers, in support of prohibition that was distributed to 11,500 school students. As part of her involvement with the national suffrage movement she conducted public speaking in Pennsylvania, Ohio, New York, Massachusetts, Missouri, Rhode Island, District of Columbia, South Dakota and Arizona Territory.

Johns helped coordinate 30 conventions across Kansas to promote full suffrage for women, beginning in 1892. The conventions featured speakers like Anna H. Shaw, Clara H. Hoffman, Florence Balgarnie, Mary Seymour Howell, and Lucy Browne Johnston.

At the conference of the National Woman Suffrage Association in September 1888 Johns addressed attendees. “I am partially enfranchised, as I have a municipal vote,” Johns said. “I am asked to tell you something about municipal suffrage in Kansas, and I want to tell you that Kansas is the first State in the Union to confer this honor upon women.”

She said that women throughout the state took pride in their new civic responsibility. “And we have not repented that we voted,” she said. “We are not only unrepentant, but proud that we vote, and proud of the consequences—that everything good and nothing evil has resulted from it. We have spent a little time since that in circulating a petition for full suffrage, just a little time, and I brought here thousands of names to that petition for full suffrage for women, and since I have been here I have received more petitions with more thousands of names on them.”

Johns said that women prepared themselves to vote. “During this year they have bought books and studied political economy. They have studied elective methods and local governments, and municipal governmental machinery, and they are very much more intelligent on the matter than they were last year. I wager that the constitution of Kansas has been better read this year by the women than in all the previous history of the State.”

Reelected six times as president of the Kansas State Suffrage Association, Johns was also president of the Republican Woman's Association in 1892. When full suffrage for women passed in 1893 in Colorado, Kansas women were hopeful for a similar victory. Anthony and Shaw encouraged political party support of the effort. While the Populist Party platform supported full suffrage for women, the Republican Party reversed its previous support of the cause. As president of two organizations with opposing platforms, Johns was placed in a difficult position. Anthony, Shaw, Rachel Childs, Carrie Chapman Catt, Elizabeth Yates, Mary Ellen Lease, Anna Diggs, Dr. Eva Harding, and Anna C. Wait joined Johns in promoting the cause to the legislature. The amendment was lost by a vote of 130,139 to 95,302. With its defeat, Johns was blamed, and supporters waited some time before launching another effort.

The Johns lived in Salina until about 1910; they had no children. They moved to Long Beach, Calif., where they spent the remaining years of their lives. James died in 1927 in Los Angeles; Laura died July 22, 1935, in Los Angeles. They are both buried in Salina.

The Kansas Museum of History is open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Saturday; 1 to 5 p.m. Sunday; and closed state holidays. The museum is located at 6425 SW 6th Avenue, Topeka. More at <a href="http://kshs.org/museum">kshs.org/museum</a>.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/3/1583886620405.jpeg" alt="This photo, taken sometime between 1910 and 1912, shows suffragettes in Lawrence who were participating in an automobile parade at the Douglas County Fair. The the people in the car are identified as Mrs. Paul R. Brooks, first president of Douglas County League; Mrs. Frank Strong, wife of the Kansas University chancellor and first vice president of the Douglas County League; Miss Florence Payne, former president of College League; Marcella Chalkley; Mr. Clement Perkins; and Miss Dorothy Williston. Photo courtesy&nbsp; the Kansas Historical Society" />
 <figcaption>This photo, taken sometime between 1910 and 1912, shows suffragettes in Lawrence who were participating in an automobile parade at the Douglas County Fair. The the people in the car are identified as Mrs. Paul R. Brooks, first president of Douglas County League; Mrs. Frank Strong, wife of the Kansas University chancellor and first vice president of the Douglas County League; Miss Florence Payne, former president of College League; Marcella Chalkley; Mr. Clement Perkins; and Miss Dorothy Williston. Photo courtesy&nbsp; the Kansas Historical Society</figcaption>
 </figure>TOPEKA—The next special exhibit at the Kansas Museum of History commemorates the 100th anniversary of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and the courageous women who made it possible, including a woman from Salina. A special exhibit opening reception will take place from 5 to 7 p.m. March 20.&nbsp;For Kansas women the path toward suffrage was incremental. Women began working for voting rights as they fought to keep Kansas free from slavery. Women such as Clarina Nichols brought the topics of women’s rights into the constitutional conventions. They ensured that Kansas women had opportunities other women in the nation did not. From the time Kansas was admitted as the 34th state, women had the right to vote in school board elections.Women's organizations continued to push for the vote. When they gained the right to vote in municipal elections, Kansas elected the first woman mayor in the nation, and all-women city councils.The road to full suffrage brought women in partnership with political groups and organizations that shared both common and competing goals. It was an experience of successes, failures and eventually the success that made Kansas the eighth state to provide full voting rights for women.&nbsp;This special exhibit features an introduction by Governor Laura Kelly, and highlights objects, photographs and historical records connected with the generations of women who fought for suffrage. The exhibit will run through the end of the year.“I would like to thank the Kansas Museum of History for making this special exhibit possible,” Kelly said. “Upward to Equality&nbsp;serves as a reminder to us all that Kansans have always been at the forefront of progress. The exhibit also allows us to celebrate the women and men who worked tirelessly to ensure women’s voting rights. When you go to the polls, remember the Kansans who were trailblazers for this momentous cause.” &nbsp;&nbsp;<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/3/1583887847342.jpeg" alt="Salinan Laura M. Johns. Photo courtesy the Kansas Historical Society" />
 <figcaption>Salinan Laura M. Johns. Photo courtesy the Kansas Historical Society</figcaption>
 </figure>Salina's Laura M. JohnsLaura M. Johns is included in the new exhibit. From the <a href="https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/laura-m-johns/17864">Kansas Historical Society's Kansapedia</a>:Laura Mitchell Johns was born December 18, 1849, in Lewistown, Penn., to John Ross and Angeline Ayers Mitchell. As a child she enjoyed reading and her family encouraged her to pursue an education. She worked as a school teacher in Pennsylvania and Illinois before her marriage. She married James B. Johns on Jan. 14, 1873, in Lewiston, Penn. She and her husband both espoused ideas of industrial, political, and social equality for women.The Johns family moved to Salina in the early 1880s. In fall 1884 Laura Johns became involved in the Kansas Equal Suffrage Association in an effort to circulate petitions to promote legislation that would give municipal suffrage for women. “. . . it was the avowed intent and well considered plan to take the fortress of woman’s disenfranchisement by graduated approaches,” she said, “capturing the outposts, getting possession of every vulnerable piece of vantage ground before advancing upon the main stronghold, and wresting from prejudice, precedent and constitution the last vestige of our claim, our heritage of full citizenship. This, we deemed, would be the best method of warfare while the time was ripening for final action.”Johns worked during the 1885, 1886, and 1887 legislative sessions. She helped to establish a woman’s suffrage organization in Salina and organized a series of congressional conventions in Kansas to promote the cause. Finally in 1887 the Kansas legislature passed the bill.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/3/1583888204111.jpeg" alt="Laura M. Johns' pamphlet. Photo courtesy Kansas Historical Society" />
 <figcaption>Laura M. Johns' pamphlet. Photo courtesy Kansas Historical Society</figcaption>
 </figure>Once the bill had passed, Johns’ work continued in building public support for full suffrage for women. In 1889 she wrote a pamphlet, targeting school teachers, in support of prohibition that was distributed to 11,500 school students. As part of her involvement with the national suffrage movement she conducted public speaking in Pennsylvania, Ohio, New York, Massachusetts, Missouri, Rhode Island, District of Columbia, South Dakota and Arizona Territory.Johns helped coordinate 30 conventions across Kansas to promote full suffrage for women, beginning in 1892. The conventions featured speakers like Anna H. Shaw, Clara H. Hoffman, Florence Balgarnie, Mary Seymour Howell, and Lucy Browne Johnston.At the conference of the National Woman Suffrage Association in September 1888 Johns addressed attendees. “I am partially enfranchised, as I have a municipal vote,” Johns said. “I am asked to tell you something about municipal suffrage in Kansas, and I want to tell you that Kansas is the first State in the Union to confer this honor upon women.”She said that women throughout the state took pride in their new civic responsibility. “And we have not repented that we voted,” she said. “We are not only unrepentant, but proud that we vote, and proud of the consequences—that everything good and nothing evil has resulted from it. We have spent a little time since that in circulating a petition for full suffrage, just a little time, and I brought here thousands of names to that petition for full suffrage for women, and since I have been here I have received more petitions with more thousands of names on them.”Johns said that women prepared themselves to vote. “During this year they have bought books and studied political economy. They have studied elective methods and local governments, and municipal governmental machinery, and they are very much more intelligent on the matter than they were last year. I wager that the constitution of Kansas has been better read this year by the women than in all the previous history of the State.”Reelected six times as president of the Kansas State Suffrage Association, Johns was also president of the Republican Woman's Association in 1892. When full suffrage for women passed in 1893 in Colorado, Kansas women were hopeful for a similar victory. Anthony and Shaw encouraged political party support of the effort. While the Populist Party platform supported full suffrage for women, the Republican Party reversed its previous support of the cause. As president of two organizations with opposing platforms, Johns was placed in a difficult position. Anthony, Shaw, Rachel Childs, Carrie Chapman Catt, Elizabeth Yates, Mary Ellen Lease, Anna Diggs, Dr. Eva Harding, and Anna C. Wait joined Johns in promoting the cause to the legislature. The amendment was lost by a vote of 130,139 to 95,302. With its defeat, Johns was blamed, and supporters waited some time before launching another effort.The Johns lived in Salina until about 1910; they had no children. They moved to Long Beach, Calif., where they spent the remaining years of their lives. James died in 1927 in Los Angeles; Laura died July 22, 1935, in Los Angeles. They are both buried in Salina.The Kansas Museum of History is open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Saturday; 1 to 5 p.m. Sunday; and closed state holidays. The museum is located at 6425 SW 6th Avenue, Topeka. More at <a href="http://kshs.org/museum">kshs.org/museum</a>.

Salinan part of Kansas Museum of History exhibit

Today is Wednesday, March 11, the 71st day of 2020. There are 295 days left in the year.

On March 11, 2011, a magnitude-9.0 earthquake and resulting tsunami struck Japan's northeastern coast, killing nearly 20,000 people and severely damaging the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power station.

In 1862, during the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln removed Gen. George B. McClellan as general-in-chief of the Union armies, leaving him in command of the Army of the Potomac, a post McClellan also ended up losing.

In 1888, the Blizzard of '88, also known as the "Great White Hurricane," began inundating the northeastern United States, resulting in some 400 deaths.

In 1918, what are believed to be the first confirmed U.S. cases of a deadly global flu pandemic were reported among U.S. Army soldiers stationed at Fort Riley, Kansas; 46 would die. (The worldwide outbreak of influenza claimed an estimated 20 to 40 million lives.)

In 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Lend-Lease Bill, providing war supplies to countries fighting the Axis.

In 1942, as Japanese forces continued to advance in the Pacific during World War II, U.S. Army Gen. Douglas MacArthur left the Philippines for Australia, where he vowed on March 20, "I shall return" — a promise he kept more than 2½ years later.

In 1954, the U.S. Army charged that Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy, R-Wis., and his subcommittee's chief counsel, Roy Cohn, had exerted pressure to obtain favored treatment for Pvt. G. David Schine, a former consultant to the subcommittee. (The confrontation culminated in the famous Senate Army-McCarthy hearings.)

In 1959, the Lorraine Hansberry drama "A Raisin in the Sun" opened at New York's Ethel Barrymore Theater.

In 1977, more than 130 hostages held in Washington, D.C., by Hanafi Muslims were freed after ambassadors from three Islamic nations joined the negotiations.

In 1985, Mikhail S. Gorbachev was chosen to succeed the late Konstantin U. Chernenko as general secretary of the Soviet Communist Party.

In 2003, a U.S. Army helicopter crashed near Fort Drum in upstate New York, killing 11 soldiers. Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the leader of Turkey's governing party, was named prime minister. After a four-day walkout that cost New York City $10 million, Broadway musicians settled the first strike on the Great White Way in nearly 30 years.

In 2004, ten bombs exploded in quick succession across the commuter rail network in Madrid, Spain, killing 191 people in an attack linked to al-Qaida-inspired militants.

In 2005, a judge, court reporter and sheriff's deputy were shot to death at an Atlanta courthouse; Brian Nichols, who killed them as well as a federal agent, surrendered a day later at the apartment of Ashley Smith, a woman he'd taken hostage. (Nichols was later convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison.)

Ten years ago: A federal appeals court in San Francisco upheld the use of the words "under God" in the Pledge of Allegiance and "In God We Trust" on U.S. currency. In an address at Tel Aviv University, Vice President Joe Biden said "good faith negotiations" could recognize Israeli security needs and the Palestinian goal for a viable state. Sebastian Pinera was sworn in as Chile's new president on a day when the country was peppered with a dozen significant aftershocks from a February earthquake. Pro Football Hall of Famer and former television actor Merlin Olsen died in suburban Los Angeles at age 69.

Five years ago: The police chief of the St. Louis suburb of Ferguson resigned in the wake of a scathing Justice Department report prompted by the fatal shooting of an unarmed black 18-year-old by a white police officer. Jimmy Greenspoon, 67, the keyboardist for rock band Three Dog Night, died in North Potomac, Maryland.

One year ago: Airlines in Ethiopia, China, Indonesia and elsewhere grounded the Boeing 737 Max 8 jetliner after the second devastating crash of one of the planes in five months; Boeing said it had no reason to pull the popular aircraft from the skies. Party leaders announced that Milwaukee would be the host of the 2020 Democratic National Convention. President Donald Trump proposed a record $4.7 trillion budget, pushing the federal deficit past $1 trillion but counting on optimistic growth, accounting shuffles and steep domestic cuts to bring spending into balance in 15 years. Hal Blaine, a session drummer who played on the songs of Frank Sinatra, Elvis Presley and the Beach Boys, died at his California home at the age of 90; according to the Rock &amp; Roll Hall of Fame, Blaine had played on 40 No. 1 hits and 150 top 10 songs.

Today's Birthdays: Media mogul Rupert Murdoch is 89. Former ABC News correspondent Sam Donaldson is 86. Musician Flaco Jimenez is 81. Actress Tricia O'Neil is 75. Actor Mark Metcalf is 74. Rock singer-musician Mark Stein (Vanilla Fudge) is 73. Singer Bobby McFerrin is 70. Movie director Jerry Zucker is 70. Singer Cheryl Lynn is 69. Actress Susan Richardson is 68. Recording executive Jimmy Iovine is 67. Singer Nina Hagen is 65. Country singer Jimmy Fortune (The Statler Brothers) is 65. Actor Elias Koteas is 59. Actor-director Peter Berg is 58. Singer Mary Gauthier is 58. Actor Jeffrey Nordling is 58. Actress Alex Kingston is 57. Country musician David Talbot is 57. Actor Wallace Langham is 55. Former U.S. Rep. Jesse Jackson Jr., D-Ill., is 55. Actor John Barrowman is 53. Singer Lisa Loeb is 52. Neo-soul musician Al Gamble (St. Paul &amp; the Broken Bones) is 51. Singer Pete Droge is 51. Actor Terrence Howard is 51. Rock musician Rami Jaffee is 51. Actor Johnny Knoxville is 49. Rock singer-musicians Benji and Joel Madden (Good Charlotte; The Madden Brothers) are 41. Actor David Anders is 39. Singer LeToya is 39. Actress Thora Birch is 38. TV personality Melissa Rycroft is 37. Actor Rob Brown is 36. Actress Jodie Comer is 27.

Thought for Today: "It's all right to hesitate if you then go ahead." — Bertholt Brecht, German poet and dramatist (1898-1956).

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573488868914.jpeg" alt="Photo of old book courtesy <a href="http://shutterstock.com">shutterstock</a>" />
 <figcaption>Photo of old book courtesy <a href="http://shutterstock.com">shutterstock</a></figcaption>
 </figure>Today is Wednesday, March 11, the 71st day of 2020. There are 295 days left in the year.Today's Highlight in History:On March 11, 2011, a magnitude-9.0 earthquake and resulting tsunami struck Japan's northeastern coast, killing nearly 20,000 people and severely damaging the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power station.On this date:In 1862, during the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln removed Gen. George B. McClellan as general-in-chief of the Union armies, leaving him in command of the Army of the Potomac, a post McClellan also ended up losing.In 1888, the Blizzard of '88, also known as the "Great White Hurricane," began inundating the northeastern United States, resulting in some 400 deaths.In 1918, what are believed to be the first confirmed U.S. cases of a deadly global flu pandemic were reported among U.S. Army soldiers stationed at Fort Riley, Kansas; 46 would die. (The worldwide outbreak of influenza claimed an estimated 20 to 40 million lives.)In 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Lend-Lease Bill, providing war supplies to countries fighting the Axis.In 1942, as Japanese forces continued to advance in the Pacific during World War II, U.S. Army Gen. Douglas MacArthur left the Philippines for Australia, where he vowed on March 20, "I shall return" — a promise he kept more than 2½ years later.In 1954, the U.S. Army charged that Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy, R-Wis., and his subcommittee's chief counsel, Roy Cohn, had exerted pressure to obtain favored treatment for Pvt. G. David Schine, a former consultant to the subcommittee. (The confrontation culminated in the famous Senate Army-McCarthy hearings.)In 1959, the Lorraine Hansberry drama "A Raisin in the Sun" opened at New York's Ethel Barrymore Theater.In 1977, more than 130 hostages held in Washington, D.C., by Hanafi Muslims were freed after ambassadors from three Islamic nations joined the negotiations.In 1985, Mikhail S. Gorbachev was chosen to succeed the late Konstantin U. Chernenko as general secretary of the Soviet Communist Party.In 2003, a U.S. Army helicopter crashed near Fort Drum in upstate New York, killing 11 soldiers. Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the leader of Turkey's governing party, was named prime minister. After a four-day walkout that cost New York City $10 million, Broadway musicians settled the first strike on the Great White Way in nearly 30 years.In 2004, ten bombs exploded in quick succession across the commuter rail network in Madrid, Spain, killing 191 people in an attack linked to al-Qaida-inspired militants.In 2005, a judge, court reporter and sheriff's deputy were shot to death at an Atlanta courthouse; Brian Nichols, who killed them as well as a federal agent, surrendered a day later at the apartment of Ashley Smith, a woman he'd taken hostage. (Nichols was later convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison.)Ten years ago: A federal appeals court in San Francisco upheld the use of the words "under God" in the Pledge of Allegiance and "In God We Trust" on U.S. currency. In an address at Tel Aviv University, Vice President Joe Biden said "good faith negotiations" could recognize Israeli security needs and the Palestinian goal for a viable state. Sebastian Pinera was sworn in as Chile's new president on a day when the country was peppered with a dozen significant aftershocks from a February earthquake. Pro Football Hall of Famer and former television actor Merlin Olsen died in suburban Los Angeles at age 69.Five years ago: The police chief of the St. Louis suburb of Ferguson resigned in the wake of a scathing Justice Department report prompted by the fatal shooting of an unarmed black 18-year-old by a white police officer. Jimmy Greenspoon, 67, the keyboardist for rock band Three Dog Night, died in North Potomac, Maryland.One year ago: Airlines in Ethiopia, China, Indonesia and elsewhere grounded the Boeing 737 Max 8 jetliner after the second devastating crash of one of the planes in five months; Boeing said it had no reason to pull the popular aircraft from the skies. Party leaders announced that Milwaukee would be the host of the 2020 Democratic National Convention. President Donald Trump proposed a record $4.7 trillion budget, pushing the federal deficit past $1 trillion but counting on optimistic growth, accounting shuffles and steep domestic cuts to bring spending into balance in 15 years. Hal Blaine, a session drummer who played on the songs of Frank Sinatra, Elvis Presley and the Beach Boys, died at his California home at the age of 90; according to the Rock &amp; Roll Hall of Fame, Blaine had played on 40 No. 1 hits and 150 top 10 songs.Today's Birthdays: Media mogul Rupert Murdoch is 89. Former ABC News correspondent Sam Donaldson is 86. Musician Flaco Jimenez is 81. Actress Tricia O'Neil is 75. Actor Mark Metcalf is 74. Rock singer-musician Mark Stein (Vanilla Fudge) is 73. Singer Bobby McFerrin is 70. Movie director Jerry Zucker is 70. Singer Cheryl Lynn is 69. Actress Susan Richardson is 68. Recording executive Jimmy Iovine is 67. Singer Nina Hagen is 65. Country singer Jimmy Fortune (The Statler Brothers) is 65. Actor Elias Koteas is 59. Actor-director Peter Berg is 58. Singer Mary Gauthier is 58. Actor Jeffrey Nordling is 58. Actress Alex Kingston is 57. Country musician David Talbot is 57. Actor Wallace Langham is 55. Former U.S. Rep. Jesse Jackson Jr., D-Ill., is 55. Actor John Barrowman is 53. Singer Lisa Loeb is 52. Neo-soul musician Al Gamble (St. Paul &amp; the Broken Bones) is 51. Singer Pete Droge is 51. Actor Terrence Howard is 51. Rock musician Rami Jaffee is 51. Actor Johnny Knoxville is 49. Rock singer-musicians Benji and Joel Madden (Good Charlotte; The Madden Brothers) are 41. Actor David Anders is 39. Singer LeToya is 39. Actress Thora Birch is 38. TV personality Melissa Rycroft is 37. Actor Rob Brown is 36. Actress Jodie Comer is 27.Thought for Today: "It's all right to hesitate if you then go ahead." — Bertholt Brecht, German poet and dramatist (1898-1956).Copyright 2020, The Associated Press. All rights reserved.

Today in History -- March 11

JACKSON COUNTY—Law enforcement authorities are investigating two suspects on multiple charges after a weekend traffic stop.

Just after 11p.m. Saturday, a sheriff’s deputy  stopped a 2005 Infiniti for an alleged equipment violation near 134th and U.S. Highway 75, according to Sheriff Tim Morse.

Deputies arrested the driver, Ryan Michael Fidler, 36, of Topeka for driving while revoked and driving while a habitual violator. He has previous convictions for arson, forgery and theft, according to the Kansas Department of Corrections.

The passenger, Samantha Louise Townsend, 36, of Topeka was arrested for possession of methamphetamine, marijuana and drug paraphernalia. Both subjects were booked into the Jackson County Jail.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/3/1583837132403.png" alt="Townsend photo Jackson County" />
 <figcaption>Townsend photo Jackson County</figcaption>
 </figure>JACKSON COUNTY—Law enforcement authorities are investigating two suspects on multiple charges after a weekend traffic stop.Just after 11p.m. Saturday, a sheriff’s deputy stopped a 2005 Infiniti for an alleged equipment violation near 134th and U.S. Highway 75, according to Sheriff Tim Morse.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/3/1583837238459.png" alt="Fidler photo Jackson County" />
 <figcaption>Fidler photo Jackson County</figcaption>
 </figure>Deputies arrested the driver, Ryan Michael Fidler, 36, of Topeka for driving while revoked and driving while a habitual violator. He has previous convictions for arson, forgery and theft, according to the Kansas Department of Corrections.The passenger, Samantha Louise Townsend, 36, of Topeka was arrested for possession of methamphetamine, marijuana and drug paraphernalia. Both subjects were booked into the Jackson County Jail.

Sheriff: Passenger riding with Kansas felon had meth, marijuana

Al’s life began on January 13, 1925, the son of Albert and Vercy (Mauck) Gantz in Anthony, Kansas. He served his country during WWII in the US Navy from 1943-1946 and married Ruth Louise Peters on August 9, 1947, in Oaklawn, Illinois. Al worked for the Soil Conservation Service and enjoyed natural photography, gardening and antique clocks. He worked on and repaired clocks and was a member of the National Clock Association.

His loving family includes his daughters, Barbara Doyle of Richardson, Texas, Alice Martin (Tom Holtgrew) of Bonner Springs, Kansas; son, Howard Gantz (Donna) of Kingman, Kansas; grandchildren, Brian Doyle (Amy, Stephen Doyle (Angela Capio, David Gantz (Brittany Lagemann) Krystal Gantz Fensky, Geoffrey Martin (Angie Flax, and Andrea Martin; six great-grandchildren, Rose, Stella, Max, Bella, Benjamin, and Lois; brother, Ralph L. Gantz of Greenville, Michigan.

He was preceded in death by his parents; wife, Ruth and a brother, Delbert Gantz. Al passed away peacefully on Thursday, March 5, 2020, at the age of 95 years old.

His family will gather with friends on Thursday, March 19, from 10-11:00 a.m. Funeral service to follow at 11:00 a.m. both at Yazel-Megli-Zeiner Funeral Home, 205 Elm in Marion. He will be laid to rest in the Marion Cemetery.

Memorial contributions in Al’s name may be directed to St. Luke’s Foundation in care of Yazel-Megli-Zeiner Funeral Home, PO Box 96, Marion, Kansas 66861. Please sign his online guest book and leave a memory of Al at www.ymzfh.com

<h2>Almus "Al" Richard Gantz</h2>January 13, 1925~March 5, 2020(age 95)Al’s life began on January 13, 1925, the son of Albert and Vercy (Mauck) Gantz in Anthony, Kansas. He served his country during WWII in the US Navy from 1943-1946 and married Ruth Louise Peters on August 9, 1947, in Oaklawn, Illinois. Al worked for the Soil Conservation Service and enjoyed natural photography, gardening and antique clocks. He worked on and repaired clocks and was a member of the National Clock Association.His loving family includes his daughters, Barbara Doyle of Richardson, Texas, Alice Martin (Tom Holtgrew) of Bonner Springs, Kansas; son, Howard Gantz (Donna) of Kingman, Kansas; grandchildren, Brian Doyle (Amy, Stephen Doyle (Angela Capio, David Gantz (Brittany Lagemann) Krystal Gantz Fensky, Geoffrey Martin (Angie Flax, and Andrea Martin; six great-grandchildren, Rose, Stella, Max, Bella, Benjamin, and Lois; brother, Ralph L. Gantz of Greenville, Michigan.He was preceded in death by his parents; wife, Ruth and a brother, Delbert Gantz. Al passed away peacefully on Thursday, March 5, 2020, at the age of 95 years old.His family will gather with friends on Thursday, March 19, from 10-11:00 a.m. Funeral service to follow at 11:00 a.m. both at Yazel-Megli-Zeiner Funeral Home, 205 Elm in Marion. He will be laid to rest in the Marion Cemetery.Memorial contributions in Al’s name may be directed to St. Luke’s Foundation in care of Yazel-Megli-Zeiner Funeral Home, PO Box 96, Marion, Kansas 66861. Please sign his online guest book and leave a memory of Al at www.ymzfh.com

Almus "Al" Richard Gantz

Today is Tuesday, March 10, the 70th day of 2020. There are 296 days left in the year.

On March 10, 1985, Konstantin U. Chernenko, who was the Soviet Union's leader for 13 months, died at age 73; he was succeeded by Mikhail Gorbachev.

In 1496, Christopher Columbus concluded his second visit to the Western Hemisphere as he left Hispaniola for Spain.

In 1848, the U.S. Senate ratified the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican-American War.

In 1864, President Abraham Lincoln assigned Ulysses S. Grant, who had just received his commission as lieutenant-general, to the command of the Armies of the United States.

In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell's assistant, Thomas Watson, heard Bell say over his experimental telephone: "Mr. Watson — come here — I want to see you" from the next room of Bell's Boston laboratory.

In 1906, about 1,100 miners in northern France were killed by a coal-dust explosion.

In 1913, former slave, abolitionist and Underground Railroad "conductor" Harriet Tubman died in Auburn, New York; she was in her 90s.

In 1933, a magnitude 6.4 earthquake centered off Long Beach, California, resulted in 120 deaths.

In 1969, James Earl Ray pleaded guilty in Memphis, Tennessee (on his 41st birthday) to assassinating civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. (Ray later repudiated that plea, maintaining his innocence until his death.)

In 1980, "Scarsdale Diet" author Dr. Herman Tarnower was shot to death at his home in Purchase, New York. (Tarnower's former lover, Jean Harris, was convicted of his murder; she served nearly 12 years in prison before being released in January 1993.)

In 1988, prior to the 50th anniversary of the Anschluss, Austrian President Kurt Waldheim apologized on his country's behalf for atrocities committed by Austrian Nazis.

In 2000, Pope John Paul II approved sainthood for Katharine Drexel, a Philadelphia socialite who had taken a vow of poverty and devoted her fortune to helping poor blacks and American Indians. (Drexel, who died in 1955, was canonized in October 2000.)

In 2004, teenage sniper Lee Boyd Malvo was sentenced in Chesapeake, Virginia, to life in prison for his role in the October 2002 killing rampage in the Washington, D.C., area that left 10 people dead. (Malvo, 19, was sentenced a day after sniper mastermind John Allen Muhammad was given the death penalty.)

Ten years ago: President Barack Obama denounced waste, inefficiency and downright fraud in the government's health care system as he sought to rally public support for his revamped overhaul plan during a rally in suburban St. Louis. About 200 women who'd flown airplanes during World War II as Women Airforce Service Pilots were awarded the Congressional Gold Medal. Actor Corey Haim died in Burbank, California, at age 38.

Five years ago: Breaking her silence in the face of a growing controversy over her use of a private email address and server, Hillary Rodham Clinton conceded that she should have used government email as secretary of state but insisted she had not violated any federal laws or Obama administration rules. A U.S. Army helicopter crashed in dense fog during a training exercise at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida, killing seven elite Marines and four experienced soldiers.

One year ago: A Boeing 737 Max 8 operated by Ethiopian Airlines crashed shortly after taking off from the capital, Addis Ababa, killing all 157 people on board; the crash was similar to one in October in which a 737 Max 8 flown by Indonesia's Lion Air plunged into the Java Sea minutes after takeoff, killing all 189 people on the plane. (The aircraft would be grounded worldwide after the two disasters, bringing fierce criticism to Boeing over the design and rollout of the jetliner.) "Captain Marvel," the first female-fronted superhero movie from Marvel Studios, took in more than $150 million domestically and $455 million globally on its opening weekend, making it one of the biggest blockbusters ever led by a woman.

Today's Birthdays: Talk show host Ralph Emery is 87. Bluegrass/country singer-musician Norman Blake is 82. Actor Chuck Norris is 80. Playwright David Rabe is 80. Singer Dean Torrence (Jan and Dean) is 80. Actress Katharine Houghton (Film: "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner?") is 78. Actor Richard Gant is 76. Rock musician Tom Scholz (Boston) is 73. Former Canadian Prime Minister Kim Campbell is 73. TV personality/businesswoman Barbara Corcoran (TV: "Shark Tank") is 71. Actress Aloma Wright is 70. Blues musician Ronnie Earl (Ronnie Earl and the Broadcasters) is 67. Producer-director-writer Paul Haggis is 67. Alt-country/rock musician Gary Louris is 65. Actress Shannon Tweed is 63. Pop/jazz singer Jeanie Bryson is 62. Actress Sharon Stone is 62. Rock musician Gail Greenwood is 60. Magician Lance Burton is 60. Movie producer Scott Gardenhour is 59. Actress Jasmine Guy is 58. Rock musician Jeff Ament (Pearl Jam) is 57. Music producer Rick Rubin is 57. Britain's Prince Edward is 56. Rock singer Edie Brickell is 54. Actor Stephen Mailer is 54. Actor Philip Anthony-Rodriguez is 52. Actress Paget Brewster is 51. Actor Jon Hamm is 49. Rapper-producer Timbaland is 48. Actor Cristian de la Fuente is 46. Rock musician Jerry Horton (Papa Roach) is 45. Actor Jeff Branson is 43. Singer Robin Thicke is 43. Actress Bree Turner is 43. Olympic gold medal gymnast Shannon Miller is 43. Contemporary Christian singer Michael Barnes (Red) is 41. Actor Edi Gathegi is 41. Rock musician Matt Asti (MGMT) is 40. Actor Thomas Middleditch is 38. Country singer Carrie Underwood is 37. Actress Olivia Wilde is 36. Rhythm-and-blues singer Emeli Sande is 33. Country singer Rachel Reinert is 31. Country musician Jared Hampton (LANCO) is 29. Actress Emily Osment is 28.

Thought for Today: "He who knows, does not speak. He who speaks, does not know." — Lao Tzu, Chinese philosopher.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573488868914.jpeg" alt="Photo of old book courtesy <a href="http://shutterstock.com">shutterstock.com</a>" />
 <figcaption>Photo of old book courtesy <a href="http://shutterstock.com">shutterstock.com</a></figcaption>
 </figure>Today is Tuesday, March 10, the 70th day of 2020. There are 296 days left in the year.Today's Highlight in History:On March 10, 1985, Konstantin U. Chernenko, who was the Soviet Union's leader for 13 months, died at age 73; he was succeeded by Mikhail Gorbachev.On this date:In 1496, Christopher Columbus concluded his second visit to the Western Hemisphere as he left Hispaniola for Spain.In 1848, the U.S. Senate ratified the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican-American War.In 1864, President Abraham Lincoln assigned Ulysses S. Grant, who had just received his commission as lieutenant-general, to the command of the Armies of the United States.In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell's assistant, Thomas Watson, heard Bell say over his experimental telephone: "Mr. Watson — come here — I want to see you" from the next room of Bell's Boston laboratory.In 1906, about 1,100 miners in northern France were killed by a coal-dust explosion.In 1913, former slave, abolitionist and Underground Railroad "conductor" Harriet Tubman died in Auburn, New York; she was in her 90s.In 1933, a magnitude 6.4 earthquake centered off Long Beach, California, resulted in 120 deaths.In 1969, James Earl Ray pleaded guilty in Memphis, Tennessee (on his 41st birthday) to assassinating civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. (Ray later repudiated that plea, maintaining his innocence until his death.)In 1980, "Scarsdale Diet" author Dr. Herman Tarnower was shot to death at his home in Purchase, New York. (Tarnower's former lover, Jean Harris, was convicted of his murder; she served nearly 12 years in prison before being released in January 1993.)In 1988, prior to the 50th anniversary of the Anschluss, Austrian President Kurt Waldheim apologized on his country's behalf for atrocities committed by Austrian Nazis.In 2000, Pope John Paul II approved sainthood for Katharine Drexel, a Philadelphia socialite who had taken a vow of poverty and devoted her fortune to helping poor blacks and American Indians. (Drexel, who died in 1955, was canonized in October 2000.)In 2004, teenage sniper Lee Boyd Malvo was sentenced in Chesapeake, Virginia, to life in prison for his role in the October 2002 killing rampage in the Washington, D.C., area that left 10 people dead. (Malvo, 19, was sentenced a day after sniper mastermind John Allen Muhammad was given the death penalty.)Ten years ago: President Barack Obama denounced waste, inefficiency and downright fraud in the government's health care system as he sought to rally public support for his revamped overhaul plan during a rally in suburban St. Louis. About 200 women who'd flown airplanes during World War II as Women Airforce Service Pilots were awarded the Congressional Gold Medal. Actor Corey Haim died in Burbank, California, at age 38.Five years ago: Breaking her silence in the face of a growing controversy over her use of a private email address and server, Hillary Rodham Clinton conceded that she should have used government email as secretary of state but insisted she had not violated any federal laws or Obama administration rules. A U.S. Army helicopter crashed in dense fog during a training exercise at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida, killing seven elite Marines and four experienced soldiers.One year ago: A Boeing 737 Max 8 operated by Ethiopian Airlines crashed shortly after taking off from the capital, Addis Ababa, killing all 157 people on board; the crash was similar to one in October in which a 737 Max 8 flown by Indonesia's Lion Air plunged into the Java Sea minutes after takeoff, killing all 189 people on the plane. (The aircraft would be grounded worldwide after the two disasters, bringing fierce criticism to Boeing over the design and rollout of the jetliner.) "Captain Marvel," the first female-fronted superhero movie from Marvel Studios, took in more than $150 million domestically and $455 million globally on its opening weekend, making it one of the biggest blockbusters ever led by a woman.Today's Birthdays: Talk show host Ralph Emery is 87. Bluegrass/country singer-musician Norman Blake is 82. Actor Chuck Norris is 80. Playwright David Rabe is 80. Singer Dean Torrence (Jan and Dean) is 80. Actress Katharine Houghton (Film: "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner?") is 78. Actor Richard Gant is 76. Rock musician Tom Scholz (Boston) is 73. Former Canadian Prime Minister Kim Campbell is 73. TV personality/businesswoman Barbara Corcoran (TV: "Shark Tank") is 71. Actress Aloma Wright is 70. Blues musician Ronnie Earl (Ronnie Earl and the Broadcasters) is 67. Producer-director-writer Paul Haggis is 67. Alt-country/rock musician Gary Louris is 65. Actress Shannon Tweed is 63. Pop/jazz singer Jeanie Bryson is 62. Actress Sharon Stone is 62. Rock musician Gail Greenwood is 60. Magician Lance Burton is 60. Movie producer Scott Gardenhour is 59. Actress Jasmine Guy is 58. Rock musician Jeff Ament (Pearl Jam) is 57. Music producer Rick Rubin is 57. Britain's Prince Edward is 56. Rock singer Edie Brickell is 54. Actor Stephen Mailer is 54. Actor Philip Anthony-Rodriguez is 52. Actress Paget Brewster is 51. Actor Jon Hamm is 49. Rapper-producer Timbaland is 48. Actor Cristian de la Fuente is 46. Rock musician Jerry Horton (Papa Roach) is 45. Actor Jeff Branson is 43. Singer Robin Thicke is 43. Actress Bree Turner is 43. Olympic gold medal gymnast Shannon Miller is 43. Contemporary Christian singer Michael Barnes (Red) is 41. Actor Edi Gathegi is 41. Rock musician Matt Asti (MGMT) is 40. Actor Thomas Middleditch is 38. Country singer Carrie Underwood is 37. Actress Olivia Wilde is 36. Rhythm-and-blues singer Emeli Sande is 33. Country singer Rachel Reinert is 31. Country musician Jared Hampton (LANCO) is 29. Actress Emily Osment is 28.Thought for Today: "He who knows, does not speak. He who speaks, does not know." — Lao Tzu, Chinese philosopher.Copyright 2020, The Associated Press. All rights reserved.

Today in History -- March 10

The Rudd Foundation is proud to announce its third class of Rudd Scholars who will each receive a four-year college scholarship to attend either Emporia State University, Fort Hays State University or Wichita State University. The Rudd Scholarship covers all remaining tuition, fees, book, supplies, and on-campus room and board after all other aid, grants and scholarships.

“We couldn’t be more pleased with the exceptionally high-caliber, well-rounded students that were chosen for this year’s Rudd Scholarship,” said Peter Najera, President of the Rudd Foundation. “By removing the financial burden of a college education, we expect these go-getters to be actively involved on campus, maintain good grades, and graduate in&nbsp;four years debt free.”

This year, 15 students will be going to Wichita State,&nbsp;nine will attend Fort Hays State, and&nbsp;six will take their scholarship to Emporia State. The Rudd Scholarship is earned through a competitive selection process that requires grades, test scores, essays, letters of recommendation and a personal interview. Only 30 students were chosen from the more than 1,300 students who applied.

In addition to living on campus and carrying a full load of classes toward their college degree, scholars will receive mentoring and success coaching to help them graduate in four years. They will also participate in many developmental activities outside the classroom, network with leaders in their future professions, build strong relationships among themselves and serve to help the next generation of scholars through an active and connected alumni association after graduation.

Following are the 2020 Rudd Scholarship winners by university.

Erica Brummer, Tipton Catholic High School

Taryn Fleckenstein, Golden Plains High School

Kylee Kogler, Southeast of Saline High School

Kendra Maydew, Smith Center Jr/Sr High School

Ricardo Castanon, Wichita East High School

Jillian Coleman, Salina South High School

Bethany Hollingsworth, Elkhart High School

Jordy Mosqueda, Wichita South High School

Janet Rodriguez-Morales, Wichita North High School

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/3/1583789011771.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By WSU STRATEGIC COMMUNICATIONSThe Rudd Foundation is proud to announce its third class of Rudd Scholars who will each receive a four-year college scholarship to attend either Emporia State University, Fort Hays State University or Wichita State University. The Rudd Scholarship covers all remaining tuition, fees, book, supplies, and on-campus room and board after all other aid, grants and scholarships.“We couldn’t be more pleased with the exceptionally high-caliber, well-rounded students that were chosen for this year’s Rudd Scholarship,” said Peter Najera, President of the Rudd Foundation. “By removing the financial burden of a college education, we expect these go-getters to be actively involved on campus, maintain good grades, and graduate in&nbsp;four years debt free.”This year, 15 students will be going to Wichita State,&nbsp;nine will attend Fort Hays State, and&nbsp;six will take their scholarship to Emporia State. The Rudd Scholarship is earned through a competitive selection process that requires grades, test scores, essays, letters of recommendation and a personal interview. Only 30 students were chosen from the more than 1,300 students who applied.In addition to living on campus and carrying a full load of classes toward their college degree, scholars will receive mentoring and success coaching to help them graduate in four years. They will also participate in many developmental activities outside the classroom, network with leaders in their future professions, build strong relationships among themselves and serve to help the next generation of scholars through an active and connected alumni association after graduation.Following are the 2020 Rudd Scholarship winners by university.EMPORIA STATE UNIVERSITYAshley Cookson, West Elk High SchoolCali Doudna, Lebo High SchoolTaylor Morelli, Rossville High SchoolBlake Murphy, Osage City High SchoolNoah Salazar, Nickerson High SchoolKylee Sull, Northern Heights High SchoolFORT HAYS STATE UNIVERSITYErica Brummer, Tipton Catholic High SchoolQuintin Combes, Lebo High SchoolClara Crawford, Ellis High SchoolTaryn Fleckenstein, Golden Plains High SchoolKylee Kogler, Southeast of Saline High SchoolLaura Krohn, Onaga High SchoolKaylee Lovett, Salina South High SchoolKendra Maydew, Smith Center Jr/Sr High SchoolMakenna McGivney, Abilene High SchoolWICHITA STATE UNIVERSITYDanielle Bittner, Rossville High SchoolTyrell Burns, Wichita South High SchoolRicardo Castanon, Wichita East High SchoolChristine Cleary, Clearwater High SchoolJillian Coleman, Salina South High SchoolSarah Foster, Rose Hill High SchoolBethany Hollingsworth, Elkhart High SchoolAlia Michaelis,&nbsp;Andover High SchoolEbony Moore, Salina Central High SchoolJordy Mosqueda, Wichita South High SchoolAmanda Phanivong, Campus High SchoolMayra Ramirez, Great Bend High SchoolJenna Rodehorst, Rossville High SchoolJanet Rodriguez-Morales, Wichita North High SchoolBayle Sandy, Great Bend High School

Local, area students named 2020 Rudd Scholarship winners

Today is Monday, March 9, the 69th day of 2020. There are 297 days left in the year.

On March 9, 1945, during World War II, U.S. B-29 bombers began launching incendiary bomb attacks against Tokyo, resulting in an estimated 100,000 deaths.

In 1841, the U.S. Supreme Court, in United States v. The Amistad, ruled 7-1 in favor of a group of illegally enslaved Africans who were captured off the U.S. coast after seizing control of a Spanish schooner, La Amistad; the justices ruled that the Africans should be set free.

In 1916, more than 400 Mexican raiders led by Pancho Villa attacked Columbus, New Mexico, killing 18 Americans. During the First World War, Germany declared war on Portugal.

In 1933, Congress, called into special session by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, began its "hundred days" of enacting New Deal legislation.

In 1959, Mattel's Barbie doll, created by Ruth Handler, made its public debut at the American International Toy Fair in New York.

In 1964, the U.S. Supreme Court, in New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, raised the standard for public officials to prove they'd been libeled in their official capacity by news organizations.

In 1976, a cable car in the Italian ski resort of Cavalese fell some 700 feet to the ground when a supporting line snapped, killing 43 people.

In 1981, Dan Rather made his debut as principal anchorman of "The CBS Evening News."

In 1987, Chrysler Corp. announced it had agreed to buy the financially ailing American Motors Corp.

In 1989, the Senate rejected President George H.W. Bush's nomination of John Tower to be defense secretary by a vote of 53-47. (The next day, Bush tapped Wyoming Rep. Dick Cheney, who went on to win unanimous Senate approval.)

In 1997, gangsta rapper The Notorious B.I.G. (Christopher Wallace) was killed in a still-unsolved drive-by shooting in Los Angeles; he was 24.

In 2005, Dan Rather signed off for the last time as principal anchorman of "The CBS Evening News."

In 2009, President Barack Obama lifted George W. Bush-era limits on using federal dollars for embryonic stem cell research.

Ten years ago: Vice President Joe Biden, visiting Israel, condemned an Israeli plan to build hundreds of homes in east Jerusalem. Former television producer Robert "Joe" Halderman pleaded guilty in New York to attempted grand larceny for trying to blackmail talk show host David Letterman. (Halderman was sentenced to six months in jail; he actually served four.) Doris "Granny D" Haddock, a New Hampshire woman who'd walked across the country at age 89 to promote campaign finance reform, died at age 100.

Five years ago: In northwestern Argentina, two helicopters collided and burst into flames shortly after taking off near the remote settlement of Villa Castelli, killing both pilots and eight French nationals. (Among the victims were Olympic champion swimmer Camille Muffat, Olympic bronze-medalist boxer Alexis Vastine and pioneering sailor Florence Arthaud, who were contestants on a European reality TV show which was being shot in the sparsely populated region.) Solar Impulse 2, a Swiss-made solar-powered aircraft, took off from Abu Dhabi just after daybreak in a historic first attempt to fly around the world without a drop of fossil fuel (however, overheated batteries grounded the plane in Hawaii). Apple CEO Tim Cook unveiled the Apple Watch in San Francisco.

One year ago: R&amp;B singer R. Kelly walked out of a Chicago jail after someone who officials said did not want to be publicly identified paid $161,000 that Kelly owed in back child support. (Kelly would be arrested in July and ordered held without bond as he awaited sex-related charges in Chicago and New York.) Julia Ruth Stevens, the last surviving daughter of Hall of Fame baseball slugger Babe Ruth, died at an assisted living facility in Nevada at the age of 102; she had been a decades-long champion of Ruth's legacy.

Today's Birthdays: Former Sen. James L. Buckley, Conservative-N.Y., is 97. Singer Lloyd Price is 87. Actress Joyce Van Patten is 86. Country singer Mickey Gilley is 84. Actress Trish Van Devere is 79. Singer-musician John Cale (The Velvet Underground) is 78. Singer Mark Lindsay (Paul Revere and the Raiders) is 78. Former ABC anchorman Charles Gibson is 77. Rock musician Robin Trower is 75. Singer Jeffrey Osborne is 72. Country musician Jimmie Fadden (The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band) is 72. Actress Jaime Lyn Bauer is 71. Magazine editor Michael Kinsley is 69. TV newscaster Faith Daniels is 63. Actress Linda Fiorentino is 62. Actor Tom Amandes is 61. Actor-director Lonny Price is 61. Country musician Rusty Hendrix (Confederate Railroad) is 60. Actress Juliette Binoche is 56. Rock musician Robert Sledge (Ben Folds Five) is 52. Rock musician Shannon Leto (30 Seconds to Mars) is 50. Rapper C-Murder (AKA C-Miller) is 49. Actor Emmanuel Lewis is 49. Actress Jean Louisa Kelly is 48. Actor Kerr Smith is 48. Actor Oscar Isaac is 41. Comedian Jordan Klepper (TV: "The Daily Show") is 41. Rapper Chingy is 40. Actor Matthew Gray Gubler is 40. Rock musician Chad Gilbert (New Found Glory) is 39. Roots rock musician Ben Tanner (Alabama Shakes) is 37. NHL defenseman Brent Burns is 35. Actress Brittany Snow is 34. Rapper Bow Wow is 33. Rapper YG is 30. Actor Luis Armand Garcia is 28. Actress Cierra Ramirez is 25.

Thought for Today: "Anybody who wants the presidency so much that he'll spend two years organizing and campaigning for it is not to be trusted with the office." — David Broder (1929-2011).

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573488868914.jpeg" alt="Photo of old book courtesy <a href="http://shutterstock.com">shutterstock.com</a>" />
 <figcaption>Photo of old book courtesy <a href="http://shutterstock.com">shutterstock.com</a></figcaption>
 </figure>Today is Monday, March 9, the 69th day of 2020. There are 297 days left in the year.Today's Highlight in History:On March 9, 1945, during World War II, U.S. B-29 bombers began launching incendiary bomb attacks against Tokyo, resulting in an estimated 100,000 deaths.On this date:In 1841, the U.S. Supreme Court, in United States v. The Amistad, ruled 7-1 in favor of a group of illegally enslaved Africans who were captured off the U.S. coast after seizing control of a Spanish schooner, La Amistad; the justices ruled that the Africans should be set free.In 1916, more than 400 Mexican raiders led by Pancho Villa attacked Columbus, New Mexico, killing 18 Americans. During the First World War, Germany declared war on Portugal.In 1933, Congress, called into special session by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, began its "hundred days" of enacting New Deal legislation.In 1959, Mattel's Barbie doll, created by Ruth Handler, made its public debut at the American International Toy Fair in New York.In 1964, the U.S. Supreme Court, in New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, raised the standard for public officials to prove they'd been libeled in their official capacity by news organizations.In 1976, a cable car in the Italian ski resort of Cavalese fell some 700 feet to the ground when a supporting line snapped, killing 43 people.In 1981, Dan Rather made his debut as principal anchorman of "The CBS Evening News."In 1987, Chrysler Corp. announced it had agreed to buy the financially ailing American Motors Corp.In 1989, the Senate rejected President George H.W. Bush's nomination of John Tower to be defense secretary by a vote of 53-47. (The next day, Bush tapped Wyoming Rep. Dick Cheney, who went on to win unanimous Senate approval.)In 1997, gangsta rapper The Notorious B.I.G. (Christopher Wallace) was killed in a still-unsolved drive-by shooting in Los Angeles; he was 24.In 2005, Dan Rather signed off for the last time as principal anchorman of "The CBS Evening News."In 2009, President Barack Obama lifted George W. Bush-era limits on using federal dollars for embryonic stem cell research.Ten years ago: Vice President Joe Biden, visiting Israel, condemned an Israeli plan to build hundreds of homes in east Jerusalem. Former television producer Robert "Joe" Halderman pleaded guilty in New York to attempted grand larceny for trying to blackmail talk show host David Letterman. (Halderman was sentenced to six months in jail; he actually served four.) Doris "Granny D" Haddock, a New Hampshire woman who'd walked across the country at age 89 to promote campaign finance reform, died at age 100.Five years ago: In northwestern Argentina, two helicopters collided and burst into flames shortly after taking off near the remote settlement of Villa Castelli, killing both pilots and eight French nationals. (Among the victims were Olympic champion swimmer Camille Muffat, Olympic bronze-medalist boxer Alexis Vastine and pioneering sailor Florence Arthaud, who were contestants on a European reality TV show which was being shot in the sparsely populated region.) Solar Impulse 2, a Swiss-made solar-powered aircraft, took off from Abu Dhabi just after daybreak in a historic first attempt to fly around the world without a drop of fossil fuel (however, overheated batteries grounded the plane in Hawaii). Apple CEO Tim Cook unveiled the Apple Watch in San Francisco.One year ago: R&amp;B singer R. Kelly walked out of a Chicago jail after someone who officials said did not want to be publicly identified paid $161,000 that Kelly owed in back child support. (Kelly would be arrested in July and ordered held without bond as he awaited sex-related charges in Chicago and New York.) Julia Ruth Stevens, the last surviving daughter of Hall of Fame baseball slugger Babe Ruth, died at an assisted living facility in Nevada at the age of 102; she had been a decades-long champion of Ruth's legacy.Today's Birthdays: Former Sen. James L. Buckley, Conservative-N.Y., is 97. Singer Lloyd Price is 87. Actress Joyce Van Patten is 86. Country singer Mickey Gilley is 84. Actress Trish Van Devere is 79. Singer-musician John Cale (The Velvet Underground) is 78. Singer Mark Lindsay (Paul Revere and the Raiders) is 78. Former ABC anchorman Charles Gibson is 77. Rock musician Robin Trower is 75. Singer Jeffrey Osborne is 72. Country musician Jimmie Fadden (The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band) is 72. Actress Jaime Lyn Bauer is 71. Magazine editor Michael Kinsley is 69. TV newscaster Faith Daniels is 63. Actress Linda Fiorentino is 62. Actor Tom Amandes is 61. Actor-director Lonny Price is 61. Country musician Rusty Hendrix (Confederate Railroad) is 60. Actress Juliette Binoche is 56. Rock musician Robert Sledge (Ben Folds Five) is 52. Rock musician Shannon Leto (30 Seconds to Mars) is 50. Rapper C-Murder (AKA C-Miller) is 49. Actor Emmanuel Lewis is 49. Actress Jean Louisa Kelly is 48. Actor Kerr Smith is 48. Actor Oscar Isaac is 41. Comedian Jordan Klepper (TV: "The Daily Show") is 41. Rapper Chingy is 40. Actor Matthew Gray Gubler is 40. Rock musician Chad Gilbert (New Found Glory) is 39. Roots rock musician Ben Tanner (Alabama Shakes) is 37. NHL defenseman Brent Burns is 35. Actress Brittany Snow is 34. Rapper Bow Wow is 33. Rapper YG is 30. Actor Luis Armand Garcia is 28. Actress Cierra Ramirez is 25.Thought for Today: "Anybody who wants the presidency so much that he'll spend two years organizing and campaigning for it is not to be trusted with the office." — David Broder (1929-2011).Copyright 2020, The Associated Press. All rights reserved.

Today in History -- March 9

By RON WILSON Kansas State University

Unsung heroes. They can take many forms, from a hard-working single parent to an inspirational teacher to your local firefighter or police officer. Today we’ll learn about a Kansas-based educational center which is seeking to share examples of unsung heroes so as to improve our communities and our world.

Last week we met Norm Conard, a long-time social studies teacher at Uniontown High School. His students did many award-winning history projects through the years, one of which was a play about Irena Sendler. Sendler was a Polish social worker who rescued 2,500 Jewish children from the Nazis during World War II.&nbsp;&nbsp;After the communists overtook Poland, they suppressed her story for another 45 years before Mr. Conard’s students became aware of it.

Three of Mr. Conard’s high school students did a play for National History Day about Irena Sendler. Eventually her story gained national recognition. The unsung heroism of this woman became known to a grateful world.

Having seen the transformative power of this work, Norm Conard thought about how to create more impact. During his teaching career, he was a USA Today All-American Teacher, Kansan of the Year, member of the National Teachers Hall of Fame, and recipient of many other honors.

As he sought to enhance education using these stories of unsung heroes, he developed a grant proposal to the Milken Family Foundation to create an educational center based on this idea. Not only was the grant ultimately approved, Norm retired from teaching to become the center’s executive director.

Today the Lowell Milken Center for Unsung Heroes is located in Fort Scott, Kansas. Its mission is to “transform&nbsp;classrooms and communities through student-driven projects that discover unsung heroes from history and teach the power of one to create positive change.”

The center works with students and educators to develop history projects that highlight role models demonstrating courage, compassion and respect. “It is project-based learning, which allows the students to take ownership,” Norm said.

The Lowell Milken Center for Unsung Heroes provides tools, resources and ongoing support for students and educators who are engaged in the development of Unsung Heroes projects. Project participants conduct primary research and interviews to discover and develop an Unsung Hero’s story through an interactive learning process that cultivates critical-thinking, problem-solving and leadership skills. They then create ways to share the story, including student-driven plays, documentary films, websites, museum exhibits and more.

“We present the stories of unsung heroes in history who have made an impact,” Norm Conard said. The museum’s Hall of Unsung Heroes features these stories, one of which is about Irena Sendler herself. “The impact of the Irena Sendler story is world-wide,” Norm said.

“We’ve become a repository of these great stories of people who you might not have heard of,” he said. The center has developed books and school curricula about unsung heroes. The center sponsors national competitions for historic unsung heroes’ presentations with cash prizes totaling $14,000 for students.&nbsp;&nbsp;Each year, the center also sponsors an LMC Fellows program through which educators nationwide are selected for high-level professional development.

Ultimately, the goal of these projects is to help create lasting change in attitudes and behaviors within classrooms, schools and communities across the U.S. and throughout the world.

“A trip to the center is a `wow’ experience,” Norm said. “Last year we had record attendance of 12,000 people.” Visitors have come from all 50 states and 100 countries.

One of Norm’s co-workers, program director Megan Felt, was one of those three high school girls who wrote that original play and began this remarkable movement in support of Irena Sendler. Megan came from the nearby rural community of Bronson, population 323 people. Now, that’s rural.

For more information about the center, go to&nbsp;<a href="http://www.lowellmilkencenter.org/" target="_blank">www.lowellmilkencenter.org</a>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<a href="http://www.irenasendler.org/" target="_blank">www.irenasendler.org</a>.

Unsung heroes. Not only should we appreciate them, we can learn from them.&nbsp;&nbsp;We commend Norm Conard and all those involved with the Lowell Milken Center for Unsung Heroes for making a difference by sharing these heroic stories.&nbsp;&nbsp;Thanks to this center, their praises can be sung, lessons can be learned, and lives can be inspired.

Audio and text files of Kansas Profiles are available at&nbsp;<a href="http://www.kansasprofile.com/" target="_blank">http://www.kansasprofile.com</a>. For more information about the Huck Boyd Institute, interested persons can visit&nbsp;<a href="http://www.huckboydinstitute.org/" target="_blank">http://www.huckboydinstitute.org</a>.

Ron Wilson is director of the Huck Boyd National Institute for Rural Development at Kansas State University.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/3/1583635787501.jpeg" alt="Norm Conard. Photo courtesy KSRE" />
 <figcaption>Norm Conard. Photo courtesy KSRE</figcaption>
 </figure>By RON WILSON Kansas State UniversityUnsung heroes. They can take many forms, from a hard-working single parent to an inspirational teacher to your local firefighter or police officer. Today we’ll learn about a Kansas-based educational center which is seeking to share examples of unsung heroes so as to improve our communities and our world.Last week we met Norm Conard, a long-time social studies teacher at Uniontown High School. His students did many award-winning history projects through the years, one of which was a play about Irena Sendler. Sendler was a Polish social worker who rescued 2,500 Jewish children from the Nazis during World War II.&nbsp;&nbsp;After the communists overtook Poland, they suppressed her story for another 45 years before Mr. Conard’s students became aware of it.Three of Mr. Conard’s high school students did a play for National History Day about Irena Sendler. Eventually her story gained national recognition. The unsung heroism of this woman became known to a grateful world.Having seen the transformative power of this work, Norm Conard thought about how to create more impact. During his teaching career, he was a USA Today All-American Teacher, Kansan of the Year, member of the National Teachers Hall of Fame, and recipient of many other honors.As he sought to enhance education using these stories of unsung heroes, he developed a grant proposal to the Milken Family Foundation to create an educational center based on this idea. Not only was the grant ultimately approved, Norm retired from teaching to become the center’s executive director.Today the Lowell Milken Center for Unsung Heroes is located in Fort Scott, Kansas. Its mission is to “transform&nbsp;classrooms and communities through student-driven projects that discover unsung heroes from history and teach the power of one to create positive change.”The center works with students and educators to develop history projects that highlight role models demonstrating courage, compassion and respect. “It is project-based learning, which allows the students to take ownership,” Norm said.The Lowell Milken Center for Unsung Heroes provides tools, resources and ongoing support for students and educators who are engaged in the development of Unsung Heroes projects. Project participants conduct primary research and interviews to discover and develop an Unsung Hero’s story through an interactive learning process that cultivates critical-thinking, problem-solving and leadership skills. They then create ways to share the story, including student-driven plays, documentary films, websites, museum exhibits and more.“We present the stories of unsung heroes in history who have made an impact,” Norm Conard said. The museum’s Hall of Unsung Heroes features these stories, one of which is about Irena Sendler herself. “The impact of the Irena Sendler story is world-wide,” Norm said.“We’ve become a repository of these great stories of people who you might not have heard of,” he said. The center has developed books and school curricula about unsung heroes. The center sponsors national competitions for historic unsung heroes’ presentations with cash prizes totaling $14,000 for students.&nbsp;&nbsp;Each year, the center also sponsors an LMC Fellows program through which educators nationwide are selected for high-level professional development.Ultimately, the goal of these projects is to help create lasting change in attitudes and behaviors within classrooms, schools and communities across the U.S. and throughout the world.“A trip to the center is a `wow’ experience,” Norm said. “Last year we had record attendance of 12,000 people.” Visitors have come from all 50 states and 100 countries.One of Norm’s co-workers, program director Megan Felt, was one of those three high school girls who wrote that original play and began this remarkable movement in support of Irena Sendler. Megan came from the nearby rural community of Bronson, population 323 people. Now, that’s rural.For more information about the center, go to&nbsp;<a href="http://www.lowellmilkencenter.org/" target="_blank">www.lowellmilkencenter.org</a>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<a href="http://www.irenasendler.org/" target="_blank">www.irenasendler.org</a>.Unsung heroes. Not only should we appreciate them, we can learn from them.&nbsp;&nbsp;We commend Norm Conard and all those involved with the Lowell Milken Center for Unsung Heroes for making a difference by sharing these heroic stories.&nbsp;&nbsp;Thanks to this center, their praises can be sung, lessons can be learned, and lives can be inspired.Audio and text files of Kansas Profiles are available at&nbsp;<a href="http://www.kansasprofile.com/" target="_blank">http://www.kansasprofile.com</a>. For more information about the Huck Boyd Institute, interested persons can visit&nbsp;<a href="http://www.huckboydinstitute.org/" target="_blank">http://www.huckboydinstitute.org</a>.Ron Wilson is director of the Huck Boyd National Institute for Rural Development at Kansas State University.

Kansas Profile:  Norm Conard, Part 2 – Unsung Heroes

Today is Sunday, March 8, the 68th day of 2020. There are 298 days left in the year.

On March 8, 1979, technology firm Philips demonstrated a prototype compact disc player during a press conference in Eindhoven, the Netherlands.

In 1618, German astronomer Johannes Kepler devised his third law of planetary motion.

In 1702, England's Queen Anne acceded to the throne upon the death of King William III.

In 1862, during the Civil War, the ironclad CSS Virginia rammed and sank the USS Cumberland and heavily damaged the USS Congress, both frigates, off Newport News, Virginia.

In 1948, the Supreme Court, in McCollum v. Board of Education, struck down voluntary religious education classes in Champaign, Illinois, public schools, saying the program violated separation of church and state.

In 1960, Democrat John F. Kennedy and Republican Richard M. Nixon won the New Hampshire presidential primary.

In 1965, the United States landed its first combat troops in South Vietnam as 3,500 Marines arrived to defend the U.S. air base at Da Nang.

In 1983, in a speech to the National Association of Evangelicals convention in Orlando, Florida, President Ronald Reagan referred to the Soviet Union as an "evil empire."

In 1988, 17 soldiers were killed when two Army helicopters from Fort Campbell, Kentucky, collided in mid-flight.

In 1999, baseball Hall of Famer Joe DiMaggio died in Hollywood, Florida, at age 84.

In 2000, President Bill Clinton submitted to Congress legislation to establish permanent normal trade relations with China. (The U.S. and China signed a trade pact in November 2000.)

In 2008, President George W. Bush vetoed a bill that would have banned the CIA from using simulated drowning and other coercive interrogation methods to gain information from suspected terrorists.

In 2014, Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370, a Boeing 777 with 239 people on board, vanished during a flight from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing, setting off a massive search. (To date, the fate of the jetliner and its occupants has yet to be determined.)

Ten years ago: President Barack Obama made a spirited, shirt-sleeved appeal for passage of health care legislation during a visit to Arcadia University in Pennsylvania. A magnitude 6 earthquake struck eastern Turkey, killing at least 41 people.

Five years ago: Thousands of people crowded the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Alabama, many jammed shoulder to shoulder, to commemorate a bloody confrontation 50 years earlier between police and peaceful protesters that helped bring about the 1965 Voting Rights Act. Sam Simon, 59, a co-creator of "The Simpsons" and an animal-rights advocate, died in Pacific Palisades, California.

One year ago: Maryland's highest court denied a new trial for Adnan Syed, whose murder conviction was chronicled in the hit podcast "Serial." (The court agreed with a lower court that Syed's legal counsel was deficient in failing to investigate an alibi witness, but it disagreed that the deficiency prejudiced the case.) Former Army intelligence analyst Chelsea Manning, who had served years in prison for leaking classified documents, was sent to jail for up to 18 months for refusing to testify before a grand jury investigating WikiLeaks. (Manning remains behind bars, vowing not to cooperate in the investigation.) A grand jury in Chicago indicted "Empire" actor Jussie Smollett on 16 felony counts related to making a false report that he was attacked by two men who shouted racial and homophobic slurs. (Prosecutors dropped the case in March, but a grand jury revived it in February 2020, indicting Smollett on charges of lying to police about the alleged attack.)

Today's Birthdays: Jazz musician George Coleman is 85. Actress Sue Ane Langdon is 84. College Football Hall of Famer Pete Dawkins is 82. Songwriter Carole Bayer Sager is 76. Actor-director Micky Dolenz (The Monkees) is 75. Singer-musician Randy Meisner is 74. Pop singer Peggy March is 72. Baseball Hall of Famer Jim Rice is 67. Jazz musician Billy Childs is 63. Singer Gary Numan is 62. NBC News anchor Lester Holt is 61. Actor Aidan Quinn is 61. Country musician Jimmy Dormire is 60. Actress Camryn Manheim is 59. Actor Leon is 59. Country-rock singer Shawn Mullins is 52. Neo-soul singer Van Hunt is 50. Actress Andrea Parker is 50. Actor Boris Kodjoe is 47. Actor Freddie Prinze Jr. is 44. Actress Laura Main is 43. Actor James Van Der Beek is 43. Rhythm-and-blues singer Kameelah Williams (702) is 42. Actor Nick Zano is 42. Rock singer Tom Chaplin (Keane) is 41. Rock musician Andy Ross (OK Go) is 41. Actress Jessica Collins is 37. Rhythm-and-blues singer Kristinia DeBarge is 30.

Thought for Today: "The intelligent man who is proud of his intelligence is like the condemned man who is proud of his large cell." — Simone Weil, French philosopher (1909-1943).

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573488868914.jpeg" alt="Photo of old book courtesy <a href="http://shutterstock.com">shutterstock.com</a>" />
 <figcaption>Photo of old book courtesy <a href="http://shutterstock.com">shutterstock.com</a></figcaption>
 </figure>Today is Sunday, March 8, the 68th day of 2020. There are 298 days left in the year.Today's Highlight in History:On March 8, 1979, technology firm Philips demonstrated a prototype compact disc player during a press conference in Eindhoven, the Netherlands.On this date:In 1618, German astronomer Johannes Kepler devised his third law of planetary motion.In 1702, England's Queen Anne acceded to the throne upon the death of King William III.In 1862, during the Civil War, the ironclad CSS Virginia rammed and sank the USS Cumberland and heavily damaged the USS Congress, both frigates, off Newport News, Virginia.In 1948, the Supreme Court, in McCollum v. Board of Education, struck down voluntary religious education classes in Champaign, Illinois, public schools, saying the program violated separation of church and state.In 1960, Democrat John F. Kennedy and Republican Richard M. Nixon won the New Hampshire presidential primary.In 1965, the United States landed its first combat troops in South Vietnam as 3,500 Marines arrived to defend the U.S. air base at Da Nang.In 1983, in a speech to the National Association of Evangelicals convention in Orlando, Florida, President Ronald Reagan referred to the Soviet Union as an "evil empire."In 1988, 17 soldiers were killed when two Army helicopters from Fort Campbell, Kentucky, collided in mid-flight.In 1999, baseball Hall of Famer Joe DiMaggio died in Hollywood, Florida, at age 84.In 2000, President Bill Clinton submitted to Congress legislation to establish permanent normal trade relations with China. (The U.S. and China signed a trade pact in November 2000.)In 2008, President George W. Bush vetoed a bill that would have banned the CIA from using simulated drowning and other coercive interrogation methods to gain information from suspected terrorists.In 2014, Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370, a Boeing 777 with 239 people on board, vanished during a flight from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing, setting off a massive search. (To date, the fate of the jetliner and its occupants has yet to be determined.)Ten years ago: President Barack Obama made a spirited, shirt-sleeved appeal for passage of health care legislation during a visit to Arcadia University in Pennsylvania. A magnitude 6 earthquake struck eastern Turkey, killing at least 41 people.Five years ago: Thousands of people crowded the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Alabama, many jammed shoulder to shoulder, to commemorate a bloody confrontation 50 years earlier between police and peaceful protesters that helped bring about the 1965 Voting Rights Act. Sam Simon, 59, a co-creator of "The Simpsons" and an animal-rights advocate, died in Pacific Palisades, California.One year ago: Maryland's highest court denied a new trial for Adnan Syed, whose murder conviction was chronicled in the hit podcast "Serial." (The court agreed with a lower court that Syed's legal counsel was deficient in failing to investigate an alibi witness, but it disagreed that the deficiency prejudiced the case.) Former Army intelligence analyst Chelsea Manning, who had served years in prison for leaking classified documents, was sent to jail for up to 18 months for refusing to testify before a grand jury investigating WikiLeaks. (Manning remains behind bars, vowing not to cooperate in the investigation.) A grand jury in Chicago indicted "Empire" actor Jussie Smollett on 16 felony counts related to making a false report that he was attacked by two men who shouted racial and homophobic slurs. (Prosecutors dropped the case in March, but a grand jury revived it in February 2020, indicting Smollett on charges of lying to police about the alleged attack.)Today's Birthdays: Jazz musician George Coleman is 85. Actress Sue Ane Langdon is 84. College Football Hall of Famer Pete Dawkins is 82. Songwriter Carole Bayer Sager is 76. Actor-director Micky Dolenz (The Monkees) is 75. Singer-musician Randy Meisner is 74. Pop singer Peggy March is 72. Baseball Hall of Famer Jim Rice is 67. Jazz musician Billy Childs is 63. Singer Gary Numan is 62. NBC News anchor Lester Holt is 61. Actor Aidan Quinn is 61. Country musician Jimmy Dormire is 60. Actress Camryn Manheim is 59. Actor Leon is 59. Country-rock singer Shawn Mullins is 52. Neo-soul singer Van Hunt is 50. Actress Andrea Parker is 50. Actor Boris Kodjoe is 47. Actor Freddie Prinze Jr. is 44. Actress Laura Main is 43. Actor James Van Der Beek is 43. Rhythm-and-blues singer Kameelah Williams (702) is 42. Actor Nick Zano is 42. Rock singer Tom Chaplin (Keane) is 41. Rock musician Andy Ross (OK Go) is 41. Actress Jessica Collins is 37. Rhythm-and-blues singer Kristinia DeBarge is 30.Thought for Today: "The intelligent man who is proud of his intelligence is like the condemned man who is proud of his large cell." — Simone Weil, French philosopher (1909-1943).Copyright 2020, The Associated Press. All rights reserved.

Today in History -- March 8

COUNCIL BLUFFS, Iowa – The Cloud County Community College wrestling team would see all four of their 2020 national qualifiers earn one win apiece as the 2019-20 season would come to a close on day one of the 2020 NJCAA Wrestling National Championships at the Mid-America Center in Council Bluffs, Iowa on Friday.

Representing the T-Birds at the national meet would be two-time national qualifiers&nbsp;<a href="http://cloudcountycc.prestosports.com/sports/wrest/2019-20/bios/harris_blayne_p3yu" target="_blank">Blayne Harris</a>&nbsp;(125 pounds,&nbsp;<a href="http://cloudcountycc.prestosports.com/sports/wrest/2019-20/bios/jiner_quentin_2c0r" target="_blank">Quentin Jiner</a>&nbsp;(157 pounds) and&nbsp;<a href="http://cloudcountycc.prestosports.com/sports/wrest/2019-20/bios/trejo_elwin_el3s" target="_blank">Elwin Trejo</a>&nbsp;(285 pounds) along with first-time national qualifier&nbsp;<a href="http://cloudcountycc.prestosports.com/sports/wrest/2019-20/bios/murry_kevin_bi11" target="_blank">Kevin Murry</a>&nbsp;(197 pounds).

Harris would face a tall task in his opening bout of the tournament by taking on number eight ranked and former Olympic wrestler Brandon Escobar of Nassau, falling 5-4 after managing to tie the match up at 3-3 with less than a minute remaining. The Beloit, Kansas native would then avenge an earlier season loss to Camden Russell of Iowa Western to earn a 6-1 decision and keep his season alive before bowing out in the second round of the consolation bracket with a 5-1 defeat to Cameron Enriquez of Clackamas.

Jiner would get off to a big start in his opening match by earning a pin of Joseph Hatcher from Middlesex County in 5:57 to advance to the Round of 16 for the second consecutive year. Number seven-ranked Chance Fry of Iowa Western would be waiting for Jiner as the match would go the way of Fry in a 13-6 decision that would be evenly matched following an early takedown and back points conceded by Jiner. With his tournament life on the line, Jiner would then face Jayden Johnson of Thaddeus Stevens and end up going to sudden-victory overtime tied at 1-1 where he would see his season end on a takedown to put the final score at 3-1.

After earning a 12-7 decision victory over Chase Dressel of Itasca in his NJCAA Championship debut, Murry would be faced with the task of taking on number two-ranked Tarik Sutkovic of Clackamas College with the match going to Sutkovic by major decision in an 11-1 defeat for Murry. Ja'quez Bostic of Iowa Central would then best Murry in the second round of the consolation bracket with a 6-1 decision as Murry would see his season come to an end following a 1-2 mark at the national meet.

Trejo's lone victory at 285 pounds would come in his opening match of the day as the Liberal, Kansas native would go to sudden-victory overtime with Michael Babcort of Nassau and secure a late takedown to pick up a 4-2 victory before falling in his second match to Jackson Schenk of St. Claire County by fall at the 3:40 mark. Jayden de Fond of Umpqua would then manage to defeat to Trejo in 3:31 as the match would conclude the first session and end the season for the T-Birds.

Now with three full years as a program in the books, Cloud County has had 19 national qualifiers with Harris and Jiner becoming the fourth and fifth T-Bird wrestlers to qualify for the national meet both years. Harris ends his career at CCCC as the all-time leader in victories as Cloud County will now await KJCCC All-Conference awards to come out to see who garnered postseason recognition.

--<a href="http://cloudtbirds.com">cloudtbirds.com</a>--

COUNCIL BLUFFS, Iowa – The Cloud County Community College wrestling team would see all four of their 2020 national qualifiers earn one win apiece as the 2019-20 season would come to a close on day one of the 2020 NJCAA Wrestling National Championships at the Mid-America Center in Council Bluffs, Iowa on Friday.Representing the T-Birds at the national meet would be two-time national qualifiers&nbsp;<a href="http://cloudcountycc.prestosports.com/sports/wrest/2019-20/bios/harris_blayne_p3yu" target="_blank">Blayne Harris</a>&nbsp;(125 pounds,&nbsp;<a href="http://cloudcountycc.prestosports.com/sports/wrest/2019-20/bios/jiner_quentin_2c0r" target="_blank">Quentin Jiner</a>&nbsp;(157 pounds) and&nbsp;<a href="http://cloudcountycc.prestosports.com/sports/wrest/2019-20/bios/trejo_elwin_el3s" target="_blank">Elwin Trejo</a>&nbsp;(285 pounds) along with first-time national qualifier&nbsp;<a href="http://cloudcountycc.prestosports.com/sports/wrest/2019-20/bios/murry_kevin_bi11" target="_blank">Kevin Murry</a>&nbsp;(197 pounds).Harris would face a tall task in his opening bout of the tournament by taking on number eight ranked and former Olympic wrestler Brandon Escobar of Nassau, falling 5-4 after managing to tie the match up at 3-3 with less than a minute remaining. The Beloit, Kansas native would then avenge an earlier season loss to Camden Russell of Iowa Western to earn a 6-1 decision and keep his season alive before bowing out in the second round of the consolation bracket with a 5-1 defeat to Cameron Enriquez of Clackamas.Jiner would get off to a big start in his opening match by earning a pin of Joseph Hatcher from Middlesex County in 5:57 to advance to the Round of 16 for the second consecutive year. Number seven-ranked Chance Fry of Iowa Western would be waiting for Jiner as the match would go the way of Fry in a 13-6 decision that would be evenly matched following an early takedown and back points conceded by Jiner. With his tournament life on the line, Jiner would then face Jayden Johnson of Thaddeus Stevens and end up going to sudden-victory overtime tied at 1-1 where he would see his season end on a takedown to put the final score at 3-1.After earning a 12-7 decision victory over Chase Dressel of Itasca in his NJCAA Championship debut, Murry would be faced with the task of taking on number two-ranked Tarik Sutkovic of Clackamas College with the match going to Sutkovic by major decision in an 11-1 defeat for Murry. Ja'quez Bostic of Iowa Central would then best Murry in the second round of the consolation bracket with a 6-1 decision as Murry would see his season come to an end following a 1-2 mark at the national meet.Trejo's lone victory at 285 pounds would come in his opening match of the day as the Liberal, Kansas native would go to sudden-victory overtime with Michael Babcort of Nassau and secure a late takedown to pick up a 4-2 victory before falling in his second match to Jackson Schenk of St. Claire County by fall at the 3:40 mark. Jayden de Fond of Umpqua would then manage to defeat to Trejo in 3:31 as the match would conclude the first session and end the season for the T-Birds.Now with three full years as a program in the books, Cloud County has had 19 national qualifiers with Harris and Jiner becoming the fourth and fifth T-Bird wrestlers to qualify for the national meet both years. Harris ends his career at CCCC as the all-time leader in victories as Cloud County will now await KJCCC All-Conference awards to come out to see who garnered postseason recognition.--<a href="http://cloudtbirds.com">cloudtbirds.com</a>--

T-Bird Wrestling Concludes Season at NJCAA National Championships

Edna’s life began on July 19, 1914, the daughter of James William and Mabel (King) Fulkerson in Drumright, Oklahoma. She attended Bixler County Schools through the 8th grade and then had to quit school to help run the family farm.&nbsp; She married Joseph “Scott” Mason on November 27, 1939, in Eureka, Kansas. She was a homemaker and attended Marion Christian Church, enjoyed cooking, baking, and her flower garden. Marie and Scott enjoyed traveling and later after retirement they would winter in Las Vegas.

Her loving family includes her sons, William “Bill” Mason (Vi) of Kansas City, Missouri; Jerry Mason of Houston, Texas; granddaughters, Melissa Mason of Portland, Oregon and Ashley Mason of Kansas City, Missouri; son-in-law, Stephen Rasmussen of Tulsa, Oklahoma.

She was preceded in death by her parents; spouse; daughter, June Rasmussen and a brother, William Fulkerson. Marie passed away peacefully on Friday, February 28, 2020, at the age of 105.

Her family will gather with friends on Tuesday, March 10, from 10-12 noon at the Hillsboro Yazel-Megli-Zeiner Funeral Home with an additional time of gathering on Tuesday, March 10, from 3-5 p.m. at the Marion Yazel-Megli-Zeiner Funeral Home. Graveside service will be held on Wednesday, March 11, at 11:00 a.m. at Sunset Lawns Cemetery in El Dorado, Kansas with Pastor Carl Helm officiating.

Memorial contributions may be directed to Good Shepherd Hospice in care of Yazel-Megli-Zeiner Funeral Home, PO Box 96, Marion, Kansas 66861. Please sign her online guest book and leave a memory of Marie at ymzfh.com

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/3/1583623613601.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure><h2>Edna Marie Mason</h2>July 19, 1914~February 28, 2020(age 105)Edna’s life began on July 19, 1914, the daughter of James William and Mabel (King) Fulkerson in Drumright, Oklahoma. She attended Bixler County Schools through the 8th grade and then had to quit school to help run the family farm.&nbsp; She married Joseph “Scott” Mason on November 27, 1939, in Eureka, Kansas. She was a homemaker and attended Marion Christian Church, enjoyed cooking, baking, and her flower garden. Marie and Scott enjoyed traveling and later after retirement they would winter in Las Vegas.Her loving family includes her sons, William “Bill” Mason (Vi) of Kansas City, Missouri; Jerry Mason of Houston, Texas; granddaughters, Melissa Mason of Portland, Oregon and Ashley Mason of Kansas City, Missouri; son-in-law, Stephen Rasmussen of Tulsa, Oklahoma.She was preceded in death by her parents; spouse; daughter, June Rasmussen and a brother, William Fulkerson. Marie passed away peacefully on Friday, February 28, 2020, at the age of 105.Her family will gather with friends on Tuesday, March 10, from 10-12 noon at the Hillsboro Yazel-Megli-Zeiner Funeral Home with an additional time of gathering on Tuesday, March 10, from 3-5 p.m. at the Marion Yazel-Megli-Zeiner Funeral Home. Graveside service will be held on Wednesday, March 11, at 11:00 a.m. at Sunset Lawns Cemetery in El Dorado, Kansas with Pastor Carl Helm officiating.Memorial contributions may be directed to Good Shepherd Hospice in care of Yazel-Megli-Zeiner Funeral Home, PO Box 96, Marion, Kansas 66861. Please sign her online guest book and leave a memory of Marie at ymzfh.com

Edna Marie Mason

Ben’s life began on December 19, 1925, the son of Jacob and Mary (Spense) Krahn in Langdon, North Dakota. He graduated from Langdon High, Class of 1943 and married Lavina Mae (Wuthrich) on November 2, 1951, at the Whitewater Federated Church. He was a machinist and worked for Beech Aircraft and also farmed.&nbsp; He was a member of Swiss Church which is now the Whitewater Community Church. There he taught Sunday School and was the church treasurer. Ben was an avid bowler, liked to go on walks and farming was his hobby.

His loving family includes his daughter, Cindy (Ken) Roth of Wichita; sons, Steve (Julie) Krahn of Derby, Kansas, Doug Krahn of Hutchinson, Don (Leslie) Krahn of Towanda, Kansas; 14 grandchildren; 28 great-grandchildren; sister-in-law, Mabel Riley of Derby and many nieces and nephews.

He was preceded in death by his parents; spouse, Lavina in 2013; brothers, Clarence, Herb, Reuben, Alvin George, and Emil; sisters, Rose Krahn, Mary Gadaire and Katie Lowen. Ben passed away peacefully on Thursday, March 5, 2020, at the age of 94 years old.

His family will gather Sunday, March 8, 2020, from 5-7 p.m. at the Lamb Funeral Home, 120 S. Main, Whitewater. Funeral services will be held on Monday, March 9, at 10:00 a.m. at the Whitewater Community Church, 703 E. Central, Whitewater, with Pastor Dwight Carter, Pastor Jordan Krahn and Pastor Timothy Conner officiating. He will be laid to rest in the Swiss Cemetery in Whitewater.

Memorial contributions in Ben’s name may be directed to Whitewater Community Church or the China Outreach Ministry in care of Lamb Funeral Home, PO Box 358, Whitewater, Kansas 67154. Please sign his online guest book and leave a memory of Ben at ymzfh.com

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/3/1583623285966.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure><h2>Benjamin Jacob Krahn</h2>December 19, 1925~March 5, 2020(age 94)Ben’s life began on December 19, 1925, the son of Jacob and Mary (Spense) Krahn in Langdon, North Dakota. He graduated from Langdon High, Class of 1943 and married Lavina Mae (Wuthrich) on November 2, 1951, at the Whitewater Federated Church. He was a machinist and worked for Beech Aircraft and also farmed.&nbsp; He was a member of Swiss Church which is now the Whitewater Community Church. There he taught Sunday School and was the church treasurer. Ben was an avid bowler, liked to go on walks and farming was his hobby.His loving family includes his daughter, Cindy (Ken) Roth of Wichita; sons, Steve (Julie) Krahn of Derby, Kansas, Doug Krahn of Hutchinson, Don (Leslie) Krahn of Towanda, Kansas; 14 grandchildren; 28 great-grandchildren; sister-in-law, Mabel Riley of Derby and many nieces and nephews.He was preceded in death by his parents; spouse, Lavina in 2013; brothers, Clarence, Herb, Reuben, Alvin George, and Emil; sisters, Rose Krahn, Mary Gadaire and Katie Lowen. Ben passed away peacefully on Thursday, March 5, 2020, at the age of 94 years old.His family will gather Sunday, March 8, 2020, from 5-7 p.m. at the Lamb Funeral Home, 120 S. Main, Whitewater. Funeral services will be held on Monday, March 9, at 10:00 a.m. at the Whitewater Community Church, 703 E. Central, Whitewater, with Pastor Dwight Carter, Pastor Jordan Krahn and Pastor Timothy Conner officiating. He will be laid to rest in the Swiss Cemetery in Whitewater.Memorial contributions in Ben’s name may be directed to Whitewater Community Church or the China Outreach Ministry in care of Lamb Funeral Home, PO Box 358, Whitewater, Kansas 67154. Please sign his online guest book and leave a memory of Ben at ymzfh.com

Benjamin Jacob Krahn

McPHERSON – A gallery exhibit at McPherson College titled, “Who Does She Think She Is?” brings together women artists, poets, and writers from across Kansas to celebrate women and commemorate the 100th&nbsp;anniversary of the passage of the 19th&nbsp;Amendment, guaranteeing and protecting women’s constitutional right to vote.

The exhibition features works from both young and old, traditional and contemporary. The works cover a wide range of media including, drawing, painting, graphic design, sculpture, assemblage, textiles, jewelry, photography, ceramics, and more. Poems and writings by women writers from the college also accompany the artwork.

“I was inspired by this year’s celebration of 100 years of women’s suffrage and by the under-representation of women in the arts,” Gallery Director Michaela Valli Groeblacher said. “The genesis of this show is rather organic and spontaneous. I invited women from all over Kansas to exhibit their art, poetry, and prose, focusing on works that many might not have seen before.”

Women artists have been marginalized for centuries, according to Groeblacher. The exhibition cites information from the National Museum of Women in the Arts that says until the 1970s it was nearly impossible to find information about women artists referenced in art history books. Women artists still face obstacles and disparities today and are persistently underrepresented in museum collections and exhibitions.

The exhibition is open now through April 18 in Friendship Hall on the college campus. It is open to the public during regular business hours, Monday through Friday. An artists’ reception will be held on April 18 from 5-7 p.m. 

A video featuring the artwork on exhibit can be found at:&nbsp;<a href="http://icm-tracking.meltwater.com/link.php?DynEngagement=true&amp;H=qJ9juQrYQnz1cqUgIm8psgUQ75z%2Bv%2FUt%2BmzLgDhho6nnEEJMrQdYl%2FO1uOlcfyBy1CpxG6jZvV%2FPHykqfH55BH0QsLYg0I1d5AXgLexfsnQo12GUY9TakcjuM%2Fn1e7oF&amp;G=0&amp;R=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mcpherson.edu%2F2020%2F03%2Fgallery-exhibit-at-mcpherson-college-celebrates-women%2F&amp;I=20200305220856.000005b4c177%40mail6-42-usnbn1&amp;X=MHwxMDQ2NzU4OjVlNjE3ODc0YjIzZmU5NjZmMDllYmFiMjs%3D&amp;S=kW7mKR6Va0N-fSzPUm2hDr344LD26vRven4m3gHs_Ro" target="_blank">https://www.mcpherson.edu/2020/03/gallery-exhibit-at-mcpherson-college-celebrates-women/</a>

--<a href="http://mcpherson.edu">mcpherson.edu</a>--

McPHERSON – A gallery exhibit at McPherson College titled, “Who Does She Think She Is?” brings together women artists, poets, and writers from across Kansas to celebrate women and commemorate the 100th&nbsp;anniversary of the passage of the 19th&nbsp;Amendment, guaranteeing and protecting women’s constitutional right to vote.The exhibition features works from both young and old, traditional and contemporary. The works cover a wide range of media including, drawing, painting, graphic design, sculpture, assemblage, textiles, jewelry, photography, ceramics, and more. Poems and writings by women writers from the college also accompany the artwork.“I was inspired by this year’s celebration of 100 years of women’s suffrage and by the under-representation of women in the arts,” Gallery Director Michaela Valli Groeblacher said. “The genesis of this show is rather organic and spontaneous. I invited women from all over Kansas to exhibit their art, poetry, and prose, focusing on works that many might not have seen before.”Women artists have been marginalized for centuries, according to Groeblacher. The exhibition cites information from the National Museum of Women in the Arts that says until the 1970s it was nearly impossible to find information about women artists referenced in art history books. Women artists still face obstacles and disparities today and are persistently underrepresented in museum collections and exhibitions.The exhibition is open now through April 18 in Friendship Hall on the college campus. It is open to the public during regular business hours, Monday through Friday. An artists’ reception will be held on April 18 from 5-7 p.m. A video featuring the artwork on exhibit can be found at:&nbsp;<a href="http://icm-tracking.meltwater.com/link.php?DynEngagement=true&amp;H=qJ9juQrYQnz1cqUgIm8psgUQ75z%2Bv%2FUt%2BmzLgDhho6nnEEJMrQdYl%2FO1uOlcfyBy1CpxG6jZvV%2FPHykqfH55BH0QsLYg0I1d5AXgLexfsnQo12GUY9TakcjuM%2Fn1e7oF&amp;G=0&amp;R=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mcpherson.edu%2F2020%2F03%2Fgallery-exhibit-at-mcpherson-college-celebrates-women%2F&amp;I=20200305220856.000005b4c177%40mail6-42-usnbn1&amp;X=MHwxMDQ2NzU4OjVlNjE3ODc0YjIzZmU5NjZmMDllYmFiMjs%3D&amp;S=kW7mKR6Va0N-fSzPUm2hDr344LD26vRven4m3gHs_Ro" target="_blank">https://www.mcpherson.edu/2020/03/gallery-exhibit-at-mcpherson-college-celebrates-women/</a>Artists in the exhibition include:Becky Hyberger - BenningtonDebbie Wagner - BenningtonRoberta Eichenberg – EmporiaLinda Ganstrom – HaysJulie Unruh - LinnLee Becker – LindsborgMaleta Forsberg – LindsborgTara Killingsworth – LindsborgPhyllis Liljegren-Newson – LindsborgMichaela Valli Groeblacher – LindsborgBriana Zimmerling – LindsborgGeraldine Craig - ManhattanDee Erway-Sherwood – McPhersonJen Pollard – McPhersonAngela Muller – RussellRuth Amortize - SalinaConnie Burket – SalinaKarla Prickett – SalinaSandy Wedel – SalinaCarol Long – St. JohnBarbara Waterman-Peters - TopekaKelsey Gosset Dennis – WichitaMarilyn Grisham – Wichita--<a href="http://mcpherson.edu">mcpherson.edu</a>--

McPherson College gallery exhibit celebrates women

Today is Saturday, March 7, the 67th day of 2020. There are 299 days left in the year.

On March 7, 1965, a march by civil rights demonstrators was violently broken up at the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, by state troopers and a sheriff's posse in what came to be known as "Bloody Sunday."

In 1793, during the French Revolutionary Wars, France declared war on Spain.

In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell received a U.S. patent for his telephone.

In 1911, President William Howard Taft ordered 20,000 troops to patrol the U.S.-Mexico border in response to the Mexican Revolution.

In 1912, Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen arrived in Hobart, Australia, where he dispatched telegrams announcing his success in leading the first expedition to the South Pole the previous December.

In 1926, the first successful trans-Atlantic radio-telephone conversations took place between New York and London.

In 1936, Adolf Hitler ordered his troops to march into the Rhineland, thereby breaking the Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Pact.

In 1945, during World War II, U.S. forces crossed the Rhine at Remagen, Germany, using the damaged but still usable Ludendorff Bridge.

In 1975, the U.S. Senate revised its filibuster rule, allowing 60 senators to limit debate in most cases, instead of the previously required two-thirds of senators present.

In 1994, the U.S. Navy issued its first permanent orders assigning women to regular duty on a combat ship — in this case, the USS Eisenhower.

In 1999, movie director Stanley Kubrick, whose films included "Dr. Strangelove," ''A Clockwork Orange" and "2001: A Space Odyssey," died in Hertfordshire, England, at age 70, having just finished editing "Eyes Wide Shut."

In 2001, Ariel Sharon was sworn in as Israel's prime minister, serving until he suffered a stroke in 2006.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573488868914.jpeg" alt="Photo of old book courtesy <a href="http://shutterstock.com">shutterstock.com</a>" />
 <figcaption>Photo of old book courtesy <a href="http://shutterstock.com">shutterstock.com</a></figcaption>
 </figure>Today is Saturday, March 7, the 67th day of 2020. There are 299 days left in the year.Today's Highlight in History:On March 7, 1965, a march by civil rights demonstrators was violently broken up at the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, by state troopers and a sheriff's posse in what came to be known as "Bloody Sunday."On this date:In 1793, during the French Revolutionary Wars, France declared war on Spain.In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell received a U.S. patent for his telephone.In 1911, President William Howard Taft ordered 20,000 troops to patrol the U.S.-Mexico border in response to the Mexican Revolution.In 1912, Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen arrived in Hobart, Australia, where he dispatched telegrams announcing his success in leading the first expedition to the South Pole the previous December.In 1926, the first successful trans-Atlantic radio-telephone conversations took place between New York and London.In 1936, Adolf Hitler ordered his troops to march into the Rhineland, thereby breaking the Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Pact.In 1945, during World War II, U.S. forces crossed the Rhine at Remagen, Germany, using the damaged but still usable Ludendorff Bridge.In 1975, the U.S. Senate revised its filibuster rule, allowing 60 senators to limit debate in most cases, instead of the previously required two-thirds of senators present.In 1994, the U.S. Navy issued its first permanent orders assigning women to regular duty on a combat ship — in this case, the USS Eisenhower.In 1999, movie director Stanley Kubrick, whose films included "Dr. Strangelove," ''A Clockwork Orange" and "2001: A Space Odyssey," died in Hertfordshire, England, at age 70, having just finished editing "Eyes Wide Shut."In 2001, Ariel Sharon was sworn in as Israel's prime minister, serving until he suffered a stroke in 2006.In 2005, President George W. Bush nominated John Bolton to be U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, an appointment that ran into Democratic opposition, prompting Bush to make a recess appointment.Ten years ago: The Iraq war thriller "The Hurt Locker" received six Academy Awards including best picture, with Kathryn Bigelow accepting the first directing Oscar awarded to a woman. Iraq held an election in which neither the Sunni-backed coalition nor the Shiite political bloc won a majority, spawning an eight-month deadlock and stalling formation of a new government.Five years ago: President Barack Obama joined tens of thousands of people in Selma, Alabama, to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the "Bloody Sunday" march of 1965, saying that America's racial history "still casts its long shadow upon us." Nigeria's home-grown Boko Haram Islamic extremists pledged formal allegiance to the Islamic State group as they battled a multinational force that had dislodged them from a number of towns in the north. Izola Ware Curry, who had stabbed the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. in the chest with a letter opener at a Harlem book signing in 1958, died at a nursing home in Queens, New York, at age 98.One year ago: Longtime Colombo crime family boss Carmine "The Snake" Persico died at the age of 85 at the Duke University Medical Center; he'd been serving what was effectively a life sentence at a federal prison in Butner, North Carolina. Former Trump campaign chairman Paul Manafort was sentenced in Virginia to nearly four years in prison for tax and bank fraud related to his work advising Ukrainian politicians; a federal judge in Washington a week later added three and a-half years to that sentence.Today's Birthdays: TV personality Willard Scott is 86. International Motorsports Hall of Famer Janet Guthrie is 82. Actor Daniel J. Travanti is 80. Entertainment executive Michael Eisner is 78. Rock musician Chris White (The Zombies) is 77. Rock singer Peter Wolf is 74. Rock musician Matthew Fisher (Procol Harum) is 74. Pro Football Hall of Famer Franco Harris is 70. Pro and College Football Hall of Famer Lynn Swann is 68. Rhythm-and-blues singer-musician Ernie Isley (The Isley Brothers) is 68. Rock musician Kenny Aronoff (BoDeans, John Mellencamp) is 67. Actor Bryan Cranston is 64. Actress Donna Murphy is 61. Actor Nick Searcy is 61. Golfer Tom Lehman is 61. International Tennis Hall of Famer Ivan Lendl is 60. Actress Mary Beth Evans is 59. Singer-actress Taylor Dayne is 58. Actor Bill Brochtrup is 57. Author E.L. James is 57. Author Bret Easton Ellis is 56. Opera singer Denyce Graves is 56. Comedian Wanda Sykes is 56. Actor Jonathan Del Arco is 54. Rock musician Randy Guss (Toad the Wet Sprocket) is 53. Actress Rachel Weisz is 50. Actor Peter Sarsgaard is 49. Actor Jay Duplass is 47. Classical singer Sebastien Izambard (Il Divo) is 47. Rock singer Hugo Ferreira (Tantric) is 46. Actress Jenna Fischer is 46. Actor Tobias Menzies is 46. Actress Sarayu Blue is 45. Actress Audrey Marie Anderson is 45. Actor TJ Thyne is 45. Bluegrass singer-musician Frank Solivan is 43. Actress Laura Prepon is 40. Actress Bel Powley is 28. Actress Giselle Eisenberg (TV: "Life in Pieces") is 13.Thought for Today: "In a democracy dissent is an act of faith. Like medicine, the test of its value is not in its taste, but in its effects." — J. William Fulbright, U.S. senator (1905-1995).Copyright 2020, The Associated Press. All rights reserved.